tihmvy of Che Cheolo^icd ^mimvy
PRINCETON • NEW JERSEY
PRESENTED BY
Rufus H. LeFevre
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2009 with funding from
Princeton Theological Seminary Library
http://www.archive.org/details/historyofwomansmOOdayt
Mrs. T. N. Sowers. 1875-1879
Mrs. Sylvia Haywood, 1879-188'
Mrs. L. K. Miller, 1887-1905
Mrs. L. R. Harford. 1905-
The lour Presidents
of the
Woman's Missionary Association
/
HISTORY
OF
The Woman's Missionary
Association
OF THE
UNITED BRETHREN
IN CHRIST
0^0
'The Lord giveth the word: tJie women that publish the
tidings are a great host.''
Psalm 6S:11, Revised Version.
000
DAYTOX. OHIO
I'niteJ Brethren Pufclishintt Ilon^
1910
vi -^ T
Contents
The Beginning 7
Form of Organization 11
Department of Young Women 12
Department of Children's Work 13
The Woman's Evangel 14
Department of Literature 16
Africa 17
Germany 55
Portland, Oregon 58
China 63
Philippines 80
Co-operation 103
Items of Interest 108
Supplement to date Ill
Officers and Woman's Day Specials 125
Chronological Table 126
Missionary Directory 138
Statistics of Foreign Missions 144
AR "^^
List of Illustrations.
The four Presidents of the Woman's Missionary Association Frontispiece
United Brethren Chapel, Weimar, Germany 58
First United Brethren Church, Portland, Oregon 58
Chinese School, Portland, Oregon 58
Sierra Leone
Bethany Cottage, Mt. Leicester 28
Mission House. Taiama 28
Native Chapel, Ronietta 28
Brick Yard. Rotifunk 29
Manual Training Class, Albert Academy 29
Industrial Exhibit, Girls' Home, Moyamba 29
Mission Headquarters. Freetown 38
United Brethren Church, Freetown 38
West Africa Conference. 1910 38
Map of Sierra Leone, showing Mission stations 34
Albert Academy, Freetown 39
Academy Students preaching among the Mendis, Freetown 39
First Graduates from Albert Academy 39
Martyrs' Memorial Church, Rotifunk 46
Mission House, Rotifunk 46
Boy's Home, Rotifunk 46
Dispensary. Rotifunk 46
Girl's Home and Mission House, Moyamba 47
United Brethren Church. Moyamba 47
Schoolhouse. Moyamba 47
China
Beth Eden Mission Home. Canton 68
Physician's Residence, Canton 68
Interior of Street Chapel, Siu Lam 68
INIap of China United Brethren Mission Stations 69
China Mission Conference 69
United Brethren Sunday School, Canton 69
Elizabeth K. Miller Seminary for Girls 74
First Graduates from the Seminary 74
Students in Miller Seminary 74
Mission Chapel, Lak Lau 75
Girls' Day School, Siu Lam 75
Foundlings at Breakfast. Canton 7.")
Philippines
Mission Headquarters, San Fernando 100
Girls' Dormitory 100
First Mission Conference, 1908 100
Igorrote Congregation, Tubao 101
Workers* Bible Conference, San Fernando "'-01
Junior Christian Endeavor Society Cava 101
Map of Union Province .' ^4
Japan
A Japanese Pastor and Family 1 IS
United Brethren Church, Kyoto 118
Japan Annual Conference 118
Map of Japan showing United Brethren Work 116
Primary Department, United Brethren Sunday School, Kyoto 119
Porto Rico
Porto Rico Conference 122
United Brethren Sunday School, Ponce 119
United Brethren Church, Juana Diaz 122
Street Preaching, Yauco 122
Map of Porto Rico showing United Brethren work 120
Home Missions
Map showing Home Mission Stations 123
Japanese Class, Stockton. Cal 123
German United Brethren Sunday School, Chicago, 111 123
HISTORY OF THE WOMAN'S MISSIONARY
ASSOCIATION.
Organization
The organization of the Woman's Missionary As- The B.ginning.
sociation first took form in the heart and mind of one
woman. Miss Lizzie Hoffman (afterward Mrs. Der-
rickson) was burdened with the need of a deeper conse-
cration in her own Hfe, and the answer to her prayer was
the question, "Are you wiUing to go to Africa?" She
felt unqualified for this work, and it became a burden
that was almost unbearable during the year that followed.
One evening, taking her Bible, she w^ent to her room and
spent the night in prayer. It was nearly dawn when
the burden rolled off and she could say, "Lord, use me as
it seemeth to thee good." Soon she became impressed
that the women of our Church should be organized for
special work for missions. She consulted Rev. John
Kemp, who at once became interested. He visited the
most active workers in F'irst Church and Summit Street
Church, Dayton, Ohio, and prayed and planned until
he succeeded in calling a meeting for the organization
nf the women of Miami Conference.
Prominent men and women of the two churches met Miami Branch
at Summit Street Church, May 9, 1872. An organiza-
tion was effected and Mrs. T. N. Sowers was elected
president. The following preamble to the constitution
then adopted is of interest:
Organized.
8 The Woman's Missionary Association
"Believing that the promulgation of the gospel of
Jesus Christ throughout the world depends upon the
success of Christian missions, and that the responsibil-
ity of this success devolves upon all Christians, we there-
fore do, in obedience to the command of our risen Lord
and Savior, 'Go ye into all the world and preach the
gospel to every creature,' in convention assembled at the
United Brethren Summit Street Church in the city of
Dayton, Ohio, on the 9th day of May, 1872, pursuant to
proper notice given through the Religious Telescope,
hereby, in the name of the divine Master, and moved,
we trust, by the Holy Spirit, organize ourselves into a
missionary association by the adoption of the following
constitution."
It was expected at this time that other conferences
would organize, but nothing was done.
A number of Locals were organized in Miami Con-
ference during the next three years, and $328.13 was
collected. No mission work was undertaken, and for
want of an object all but two of the societies ceased to
work, and these two were discouraged.
The Home, Frontier, and Foreign Missionary So-
ciety, through its Secretary, Rev. D. K. Flickinger, made
the following recommendation to the General Confer-
ence in 1873:
Reorganized by "Give thc womau's missionary movement in our
General Church 3. favorablc recognition, and encourage the or-
Conference. ..-...,,, , ^ ,
ganization of societies in all the annual conterences, the
same to be auxiliary to the conference to which they
belong."
At the same conference the committee on missions
reported, "Your committee are pleased to learn that
God has put it into the hearts of many of the devoted
Organizatioii 9
women of the Church to organize women's missionary
associations in the various annual conferences; and we
mention it to the special credit of the women of the
Miami Annual Conference, that they were the first in
the whole denomination, so far as known, to organize
an association and commence operations; therefore
"Resolved, That w^e commend their zeal and enter-
prise in this good work to the favorable consideration
of the w^omen of the Church in all our annual conferences."
In September, 1875, six women met in First Church,
Dayton, Ohio, to consider the question of issuing a call
for a general meeting. Some of the timid, faint-hearted
ones felt that they could not work as the women in other
denominations were doing, and if they undertook it there
would be responsibility and they would be sure to fail.
To each of these Mrs. Sowers said: "Others cannot do
our w^ork. If God calls, dare we falter?" All felt that
God did call. Mrs. Hadley, recently returned from
Africa, urged that this work be extended throughout
the whole Church.
The Religious Telescope, through a number of
articles, as well as Rev. D. K. Flickinger, the secretary,
and Rev. J. W. Hott, the treasurer of the Home, Frontier,
and Foreign Missionary Society, urged that a meeting
be called for the purpose of forming a general organiza-
tion.
The Religious Telescope of Septeml)er 29, 1875, con-
tained the follow^ing call, signed by Mrs. T. N. Sowers
and Mrs. W. H. Lanthurn : "For the purpose of creating
a greater interest and zeal in the cause of missions, and
laboring more directly in the work of the divine Master
by bringing into more active and efficient serv'Ice the
sisters of the Church, a call is made for a Woman's
A Call Issued.
10 The Woman's Alissionary Association
Missionary Convention, to meet in First Church, Day-
ton, Ohio, October 21, 1875.
"It is desired that the convention shall partake of
the nature of a mass meeting. We therefore invite all
persons interested in the work to be present."
The call was answered by nine conferences; Miami,
Scioto, Sandusky, Michigan, Indiana, and Western Re-
serve sent delegates; Lower Wabash, Virginia, and Alle-
gheny were represented by women living 'in Dayton,
whose husbands were members of these conferences.
Letters' of encouragement were received from delegates
appointed by several other conferences but who were un-
able to attend. Two days, October 21 and 22, 1875, were
spent in faithful, prayerful work. A constitution that
had been previously published was discussed, amended,
and adopted, and "The Woman's Missionary Associa-
tion" was organized and the fT>llowing officers elected:
President, Mrs. T. N. Sowers; Vice Presidents, Mrs.
Z. A. Colestock; Mrs. M. H. Bridgeman; Mrs. S. Hay-
wood; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. L. R. Keister,
(now Mrs. Harford.); Recording Secretary, Mrs. D. L.
Rike; Treasurer, Mrs. W. J. Shuey.
Miami Branch paid its money into the general
association and reorganized.
It was decided to hold the annual meeting in May,
1876, at First Church, Dayton, Ohio.
Mrs. D. L. Rike presented a memorial to the Gen-
eral Conference of 1877, asking that the organization
of the Woman's Missionary Association be authorized
by that body.
This request was referred to the committee on mis-
sions, which included the following item concerning the
Woman's Missionary Association in its report:
Organization 11
"This Association comes to us to be recognized by ronfe?inc
the General Conference as the helpmeet of the Home. Action.
Frontier, and Foreign Missionary Society. We recom-
mend, therefore, the recognition of this relation by the
ratification of their constitution and the confirmation
of their officers."
At the Board meeting held in 1870, all felt that our
work should be among the women and children, and it
was decided "that the funds now in the treasury be used
for the founding and support of amission school in Africa."
At the meeting of the Board of Managers held in
May, 1877, eighteen months after the organization, there
were three Branch organizations with eighteen Locals.
and an aggregate membership of 3,000. At the meeting
of the Board of Managers in 1909, thirty-two 3^ears later,
there were thirty-two conferences organized, with ()2()
Locals, 92 Young Women's Bands, and 146 Children's
Bands, with a total membership of 20,263.
Form of Organization.
By the terms of the constitution, the Association
is under the direction of the General Conference and
submits quadrennial reports to that body. By the action
of the General Conference in 1909, it works in co-operation
with the Foreign Missionary Society and the Home Mis-
sionary Society as given on page 105.
The organization includes a Board of Managers, a
Board of Trustees, Annual Conference Branch Societies,
Local Societies, Young Women's Bands with the Junior
Christian Endeavor Societies as a field for missionary
training.
The Board of Managers which meets annually is
composed of a Board of nine Trustees, elected annually
12 The Woman's Missionary Association
by the Board of Managers, Life Patrons, three delegates
elected by each conference Branch, the Secretary of the
Young Women's Department, the Department Secretary
of Literature, and the Missionary Secretary for the Junior
Christian Endeavor Societies.
The Trustees meet before the close of the meeting
of the Board of Managers and elect officers. They attend
to the administration of the affairs of the xVssociation, and
meet at the call of the General Secretary.
Each Branch meets annually, and is composed of the
officers of the Branch, Life Patrons, Life Directors, and
delegates elected by the Locals, Young Women's Bands,
and Junior Christian Endeavor Societies.
The Locals hold monthly meetings and quarterly
business meetings in June, September, December, and
March.
Any woman may become a member of the Asso-
ciation by the payment annually of $L00 dues.
Department of Young Women.
At the Board meeting held in the college chapel
at Westerville, Ohio, in 1883, a constitution was adopted
for Young Women's Bands. Two Bands were organized
the following year (in Central Ohio Branch), one at Circle-
ville, Ohio, with six members and the other at Wester-
ville, Ohio, with twenty-three members. The work among
the young people increased so encouragingly that in 1889
they were asked to support two teachers in Africa, Miss
Frankie Williams and Miss Ellen Groenendyke, and also
contribute toward the support of a teacher in China.
Mrs. Bertha Gerlaugh was appointed secretary and
treasurer of this special work and later was succeeded
by Miss Marie Shank.
Organization 13
At the meeting of the Board of Managers at Ander- oJ^anSd"*
son, Indiana, in 1908, the work among the young women
was made a distinct department of the Woman's Mis-
sionary Association, the constitution amended and a
secretary for this department, Miss Justina Lorenz, was
elected. Ninty-two Young Women's Bands with a
membership of 2,249 were reported at the meeting of the
Board of Managers at Akron, O., in 1909.
At a meeting of the Trustees in November, 1909, Special Work
^ Assigned.
it was decided to ask the Young Women's Bands to take
as their special work the support of the Ehzabelh Kumler-
Miller Seminary for girls, in China.
Department of Children s Work.
In 1879 Mrs. G. P. Macklin gathered together the Gleaners' Band,
children at Fostoria, Ohio, and organized a Gleaner's
Band. This was our first organization among the children.
By the time of the meeting of the Board of Managers
in 1895, seventy-five bands were organized, and beginning
with August in the same year, programs for the monthly
meetings of Gleaners' Bands have been printed in the
Evangel. At the meeting of the Board of Managers
in May, -1909, 14() Bands were reported, with a mem-
bership of 4,273.
The General Conference in 1909 designated the junior c. e.
Junior Christian Endeavor Societies as a field for culti-
vation in missionary education and giving.
In November, 1909, the Trustees decided to ask the Special Wcrt.
Juniors to pay their foreign missionary money toward the
support of the Foundling Home in China, and their
home missionary money to the work among the German
boys and girls in Chicago.
14 The Woman's Missionary Association
The Woman's Evangel.
In the early years of the organization the facts con-
cerning the work and workers were given to the Church
through the columns of the Religious Telescope and the
Missiop.ary Visitor. At the meetings of the Board of
Managers in 1S79 and 1880, the question of a paper in
the interest of the Association was proposed, but nothing
was done. The desire on the part of the workers for
such a paper became so strong that in 1881, at Western,
Iowa, the Board of Managers adopted the follow^ing
resolution:
"That the books be open for voluntary contribu-
tions, and that when, in the judgment of the Executive
Committee, a sufficient amount be secured, and 1,000 sub-
scribers be obtained, the Executive Committee be author-
ized, in conjunction with a committee appointed by
this body, to publish a paper or magazine in the interest
of the W^oman's Missionary ^Association of the United
Brethren in Christ."
At a meeting of the Trustees, October 10, 1881,
"The Woman's Evangel" was chosen as the name of the
new magazine.
Airs. L. R. Harford, president of the Association,
who was then the Corresponding Secretary, was employed
as editor June 15, 1881, and continued in office for eleven
years. She declared its purpose in her first editorial,
that inasmuch as the "gospel has been to women a glad
evangel, and because we love much, do we wish to make
our work — as the name of the paper signifies — an an-
nouncement of glad tidings to some of the five hundred
millions of women in the degradation and ruin of false
religions and oppressive social customs of heathen nations.
It will be the earnest purpose of tliose who have under-
Organization 15
taken the work to make the paper a power in moving
hearts to help in the good work of sending the Hght of
life to women and children who are shut out from its
blessed influence."
It began as a modest little, messenger of sixteen First is
pages, January, 1882, the subscription price being 75
cents; in clubs of ten OU cents. The subscription price
was reduced four years later to 50 cents. From time to
time a few more pages were added and in January, 1906,
it was increased to a thirty-two page magazine. One
thousand subscribers were secured before the first issue
was printed, and from the beginning it has been able to
pay all the expenses of its publication, the salary of its
editor, as w^ell as make appropriations to the Literature
Department of the Association. It was an important
factor in raising the Silver Anniversary fund, which was
used in opening the work in the Philippines.
The growth of the subscription list has been gradual, Growth,
as the following table shows:
1882—1 ,000 ; 1 897—4,550 ;
1885—1,201 ; 1900— 4,710;
ISSS— 2,300; 1903-4,633;
1891—3,700; 1906—5,158;
1894—4,500; • 1909—6,500.
Mrs. L. K. Miller wonderfully enriched its pages
during the sixteen >ears she was associated with the
work. She was associate editor from 1888 until the
resignation of Mrs. Keister (Harford) in 1893, when she
became the editor and publisher.
After the resignation of Mrs. Miller in October, 1904,
the Evangel was issued by Mrs. B. F. Witt and Mrs.
Tt. p. Macklin until November, 1905, when Mrs. Mary
\l. Albert became its editor and publisher.
16 The Women's Missionary Association
Department of Liierature.
The Board of Managers at its meetin;^ in 1906, ap-
pointed Mrs. Mary R. Albert, Mrs. P. O. Rhodes, and
Mrs. H. A. Dowling a committee on literature; and at
the meeting a year later the following recommendation
was adopted :
"Realizing the need of information on missionary
work and of the circulation of missionary literature, we
recommend that we establish in our Association the
Department of Literature."
Mrs. Albert and Mrs. Rhodes were continued a com-
mittee with power to select a third. Mrs. G. P. Macklin
was chosen as the third member. During the year this
committee worked out a plan for this department, which
with a few changes was adopted by the Board at its
meeting in Anderson, Indiana, in May, 1908.
The plan adopted provides for a General Literature
Committee and Branch and Local Secretaries of Liter-
ature. The General Literature Committee, which is
the head of the department, is composed of the Editor
of the Evangel, the Department Secretary, who is elected
by the Board of Managers, and a third member appointed
by the Trustees. This committee plans the work of the
department, provides literature and helps, and through
the Branch and Local Secretaries of Literature helps
to develop this work in the Branches and Locals.
The General Literature Committee retains all funds
received from the sale of literature for the maintenance
of the work.
AFRICA
The first idea of the Association was to supnort a ?c°",V"^.
^^ the Missi
school near Shenge, under the control of the ^^'^'^
missionaries of the Home, Frontier, and Foreign
Missionary Society ; but instead of this, by the
advice of the officers of the General Board and
missionaries then on the field, it was decided to
establish schools up the Bompeh River, in a thickly pop-
ulated territory that w^as calling for light, and was with-
out any missionary work. The General Board, thinking
it not best to distribute their force over so much terri-
tory, urged the Association to occupy this new ground.
It was agreed to support Miss Emily Beeken, then under
appointment. With repeated visits and the supervision
of Mr. Gomer, the mission was located at Rotifunk, on
the Bompeh River, about fifty miles east of Freetown,
Miss Beeken going there late in the autumn of 1877, at
which time we undertook her full support.
The pioneer work was difficult, but it was bravely
accomplished. One with less courage than Miss
Beeken, could not have succeeded in establishing a mis-
sion so far from any civilized help or protection. The
head-man built a barra for worship, and the Association
a mud house for the missionary on a beautiful elevated
site near the town. Miss Beeken established two
schools, and held public services in the surrounding
towns.
17
ission.
18
The Woman's Missionary Association
1879.
Mission House
Built.
Mission Land
Secured.
She was succeeded at the end of nineteen months
by Mrs. M. M. Mair, of Glasgow, Scotland. Mrs.
Mair had had an experience of twenty-six years on the
West Coast of Africa, which enabled her to endure the
climate better than new missionaries. She landed at
Freetown, October 19, 1879, and went to Rotifunk
the following month. The previous May, at the Board
meeting, it was agreed to send to Africa from America
the material for a good house, so that our mis-
sionaries might have a comfortable home. Two thou-
sand dollars were easily raised outside of membership
dues, and Mrs. Mair superintended the construction of
the building, and enjoyed living in it, as she so well de-
served. She was indefatigable in her labors, and her
influence over the natives was wonderful. She taught
them by precept and example. She secured better
teachers for the schools, and established two others.
She had the confidence and co-operation of the chiefs
and head-men, and such was her influence over the
people that she said she had ibeen in but two towns
in America where the Sabbath was so well observed.
Pa Sourri, the head-man of Rotifunk, gave up the use
of strong drinks and tobacco, and compelled the people
to desist from labor on the Sabbath day. Rotifunk
was a station for slave traders when our mission was
located there, but before Mrs. Mair came away this
was broken up. A lease for ninety-nine years was se-
cured for one hundred acres of ground both at Roti-
funk and Palli, part of which was put under cultiva-
tion. In three years and a half our work had grown
into a strong mission of four stations with a school at
each place.
Africa 19
A conference was organized March 20, 1880, by
Rev. D. K. Flickinger, with six members, Rev. D. F.
Wilberforce and Rev. J. Gomer, who were already
members of Miami Conference, and four African work-
ers.
Early in 1882 word came telling of the declining jggg.
strength of Mrs. Mair, and the need for reinforce-
ments. The Board decided to send a man and his wife, as
the work was too heavy for a woman to carry. Rev. and
Mrs. R. N. West sailed from New York, October 2, 1882.
Mrs. Mair remained a few" months and in the spring of
1883 came to America, attended the Board meeting at
Westerville, Ohio, and then returned to her home in
Scotland. She died March 9, 1897.
To the meeting of the Board of Managers at Wes- pirst chapei
terville, Ohio, in 1883 came the word from Mr. West that fgw!'
the number of persons attending the public services was
increasing so rapidly that in the rainy season no house was
large enough to accomodate them and many had to be
turned away. He asked to be allowed to build a chapel.
The committee on African work recommended the raising
of $2,000, the estimated cost of a suitable building.
Cash and subscriptions were taken at once to the amount
of $1,100. The money was all raised and the chapel com-
pleted within a year at a cost of $1,500, $500 less than
the estimate. The chapel was dedicated February 24,
1884, by Rev. J. Gomer, of Shenge. After the sermon
an invitation was given for a free-will offering unto the
Lord, and the people responded by subscribing one hun-
dred and sixty acres of land at Palli, five binkeys of rice
(from fifty to one hundred bushels), one cow, one country
cloth, and thirty-seven dollars and fourteen cents in cash
subscriptions.
20
The Woman's Missionary Association
Work
Increases
1884.
Work for
Children.
In 1884, Mr. West reported to the Board of Managers
that there were then in connection with the work fifty-
four regular preaching places, an increase of twenty-three
during the year. In these places more than 2,500 persons
heard the word of God. During the next two years the
devotion and strength of our missionaries were severely
tested by war and an epidemic of smallpox; the itinerat-
ing was interrupted, but the buildings at Palli and Roti-
funk were unharmed.
Our first and prominent work was for the children.
As many as could be cared for were taken by the
missionaries and taught to work. These children, with
the help of a few men, did the work connected with the
mission and thus helped in their own support. Large
farms were under cultivation; orchards were started.
The children were Christians — bright, earnest and
hungry for knowledge, using every opportunity to gain
it. Later they became our teachers and itinerants.
Fearing that Mr. and Mrs. West might break down
with the long strain of the war, the Trustees thought
that they should take a vacation before the
expiration of their term. Rev. Mr. Gomer having agreed
to oversee the work, they sailed from Freetown, February
4, 1886. They returned to Africa in the fall of the
same year, sailing September 18th.
Previous to the Board meeting of 1887, the question
of doing more for the women of Africa was discussed in
the Woman's Evangel. The missionaries had written
that we must do something for the uplifting of the
girls in Africa if we expected to accomplish anything
permanent, and they told of the degradation of the
women and how little girls were sold as wives, and
whenever claimed by the purchaser had to go, and
Africa 21
if in our schools, were thus lost to our mission. It was
the law of the country, and we were compelled to sub-
mit. By taking girls into the mission home this selling
could be prevented; these girls could be taught in the
schools with the other children, and out of school hours
could be taught by the missionary to sew, to cook, to
keep house, and thus, after a while, to be Christian
home-makers.
At the meeting of the Board of Managers, at West- Home for
/- 1 1 Tif • • I'll 1 -1 1' . Girls Built
field, lUmois, it was decided to put up a new building, to i887.
be called the "Mary Sowers Home for Girls" and to raise
S2,000 for the purpose. Rev. and Mrs. W. S. Sage were
appointed to go to Africa to build the home and take
charge of it.
They sailed September 24, 1887. The home was
completed during the year.
Mrs. Amanda Smith, the noted colored evangelist 1889.
from the United States, visited our station at Rotifunk
in January, 1889, and her meetings proved a great bless-
ing to the people.
An adobe house with corrugated iron roof, large Boys' Home
enough to accomodate twenty-four boys, was built at
Rotifunk during 1889.
At the Board meeting of 1889 Miss Frances Williams
and Miss Ellen Groenendyke were appointed. They
sailed October 16, 1889, and, after a few weeks in Free-
town, went to Rotifunk and took charge of the school.
The school at Bompeh, numbering thirty, was in
charge of Mrs. Thompson, daughter of Bishop Crowther,
of the Niger Mission. A class of seven full church mem-
bers was organized December 22, 1889.
The school at Palli was consolidated with the one
at Bompeh, the native pastor giving his whole time to
Built.
22 The Woman's Missionary Association
itinerating with excellent results. He preached in fifty-
five different towns and visited regularly, forty-eight of
these.
During the year, Mr. Sage and Mr. West, with the
older mission boys, made an extended trip about one hun-
dred and fifty miles into the interior to the Mendi
country, a large territory lying east of the Sherbro and
Temni countries, and the people received them cordially
when they understood their purpose. They found no
Christian missions, but everywhere evidence of super-
stition. Every town, large and small, had its devil houses.
1890. Mr. Sage made another extended trip into the same
country in March, 1890, with good results, people begging
him to remain and repeat his message to them. At the
meeting of the Board of Managers in 1890, the early
occupation of this densely populated territory was looked
upon with favor.
In March, 1890, Rotifunk was visited by Mrs. Mary
Clement Leavitt, the round-the-world missionary of the
W. C. T. U. of America. A W. C. T. U. organization
of thirteen women was formed, also a Loyal Temperance
Legion.
School The native school building having become unfit
E^icted^ for use, was replaced by a good frame structure. A
special fund of $2,000 was raised for the purpose. This
gave Rotifunk, our principal station, a mission resi-
dence, chapel, girls' home, boys' home, and school build-
ing all in good repair.
In church and Sunday-school work there was a de-
cided advancement. The older mission boys constituted
an itinerating band, who, two by two, under the direction
of Mr. Sage, went to the towns to read and explain God's
Word. More than 129 towns were visited during the
at Rotifunk.
Africa 23
year; 82 of these received regular visits, and in 55 of them
there were organized classes.
During the meeting of the Board of Managers held Great Revival
in Dayton, Ohio, in 1890 special prayer was offered, and
at the same time special prayer services were held by our
missionaries in Africa for an outpouring of the spirit in
revival power. This marked the beginning of the greatest
revival Rotifunk has ever seen, and it continued four
weeks. Rumsellers broke their demijohns and poured
the liquor on the streets; native men and women were
born into the Kingdom in large numbers. The revival
spread to the surrounding towns and Frankie Williams
wrote home, "Every seat has become a mourner's bench
and nearly every soul a seeker." It was at this time that
Pa Sourri, the powerful chief, became a Christian. Mrs.
West, writing of his conversion, said: "It was one of the
most remarkable conversions I ever witnessed, one of the
Saul of Tarsus style. He had been at the altar several
times but we felt that he did not see himself a sinner. It
was all what he was going to do. We could only pray
that God would show him his heart. Our prayers were
answered, and he had as real a physical struggle as Jacob
had. One whole night, alone in his house he wrestled
with two powers or persons; he said, 'One sought to hold
him, the other to free him.' As day dawned so desperate
became the struggle that in his agony he sprang from
his bed, and knew nothing more until he found himself
lying on the chapel floor /re^. The subject of the morn-
ing meeting was II. Cor. 10. Just as Mr. West was
speaking of the weapons of our warfare being not carnal,
but mighty through God to the pulling down of strong-
holds, he rushed in, bareheaded,* and with an awful look
of despair; as he reached the altar, he fell or rather was
24
The Woman's Missionary Association
Aid Society
Organized.
Bishop E. B.
Kephart
visits the
Mission
1891.
thrown violently down in such a way that under other
circumstances he would doubtless have broken his neck,
as he is ver}^ large and heavy and eighty years of age.
During the day it seemed that all the wicked things he
had ever done came up before him, and though he felt
God had forgiven all, yet, as these things came up sep-
arately before him, he would only get relief by getting
down and asking special forgiveness for them."
An Aid Society composed of the missionaries and
native Christians was organized at Rotifunk in 1889,
and the following year they sent one of their own men
into the Masimera country, the first practical work in
self -extension. After six months' work, forty-six regular
appointm.ents were reported, with one organized seekers'
class of forty members. Five thousand five hundred
and eighty-one heard the gospel for the first time.
On account of the ill health of Mrs. Sage, Mr. and
Mrs. Sage returned to America in October, 1890.
Rev. and Mrs. Jacob Miller sailed November 20,
1890, and in January took up their residence in the Mary
Sowers Home for Girls and entered upon their work.
Bishop Kephart made an official visit to Africa and
Germany and presided at the annual conference held at
Rotifunk January 21-25, 1891.
Mr. and Mrs. West returned to America in 1891 for
a much-needed rest. Before leaving, Mr. West employed
for one year Alice Harris, M. D., of the Wesleyan
Church, who by the return of her comrades to the home-
land, was left alone in Freetown. The Trustees con-
sidered it fortunate that help on the field could be
secured to lighten the extra burdens of those left in the
mission.
Africa 25
Marietta Hatfield, M.D., Miss Elma Bittle, and
Miss Ella Schenck sailed from New York September 23,
1S91.
Because of the continued sickness of Mr. Miller,
and at the unanimous request of the missionaries. Miss
Williams was appointed superintendent.
At Bompeh station Mrs. Thompson worked hard Work
and also held meetings in three other towns near by, at^Bompeh.
the people striving to do what they could to help them-
selves. They collected $24 toward a stone chapel.
In 1890 Chief Gbannah Will Caulker gave to the mission
a fine plot of ground for a mission residence. The work
so increased that it became necessary to employ a teacher
for the school in order that Mrs. Thompson might devote
her full time to church work. In April, 1S91, her
daughter. Miss Florence Thompson, was engaged to take
charge of the school. In addition to this work she visited
regularly four neighboring villages, holding services and
in two of them conducting Sunday schools.
At Palli the mission property consisted of one hun-
dred acres of land and a mission house and chapel com-
bined.
It had long seemed marvelous that in the thirty- ^.^^^ ^^^^^^
seven years of our African mission, death had not entered ^™°rs
■^ ' ^ Mission
the ranks. The year 1892 marked a new era in our i^'
history. On July 19, 1892, Miss Williams died of malig- 1
nant malarial fever, and Miss Bittle followed her Au-
gust 7, from nervous shock. These two deaths and
the return to America of Mr. and Mrs. Miller the same
fall, (owing to the illness of Mrs. Miller,) together with
the sickness of other missionaries, greatly hindered all
the work of the mission.
tissionaries
26 The Woman's Missionary Association
The ranks were strengthened by the return of Mr.
and Mrs. West, accompanied by Rev. and Mrs. I. N.
Cain and Miss Lydia Thomas. These five sailed from
New York October 1, 1892. School was soon reopened
and all settled down to earnest work.
ig93. Bishop Kephart held the conference in 1893. Dur-
ing 1891 the congregation at Palli so increased that the
place of worship would not accommodate the people, and
before the missionaries knew of their plans, the people had
a chapel begun and a number of pounds collected for
its erection. This chapel, called Keister Chapel, was
completed and dedicated April 9, 1893, by Bishop Kep-
hart. Miss Groenendyke returned to America in the
spring on her vacation.
Medical Work. Dr. Hatfield, who began medical work soon after
her arrival on the field, always felt that the patients
should pay, if only a little, for treatment, and therefore
began to charge a penny for consultation and the price
of medicine, if expensive. This experiment toward
self-support in medical work resulted satisfactorily, so
far as medicines, appliances, and assistants were con-
cerned. All expenses, excepting physician's salary were
paid out of the fees received. Some patients paid by the
month. Ten shillings insured daily treatment and
oversight.
1894. In February, 1894, Mr. West and Mr. Cain made a
journey into the Mendi country. After about a week
of their journey, Mr. West was taken sick and Mr.
Cain, taking one of the interpreters, went on without
him. Mr. West grew worse and sent a messenger to
Mr. Cain, who returned immediately to take him home.
The trip was profitable, though no location was chosen.
Africa 27
In 1894 the mission house was enlarged. The trus-
tees decided that Mr. Cain should assume charge of the
Bompeh mission and Mr. and Mrs. West should open
the Mendi work. Scarcely had the transfer been made
when Mr. West became sick and died on September 22,
the twelfth anniversary of his consecration to missionary
work. He was buried near the chapel at Rotifunk,
where he had labored so faithfully and with such abund-
ant success, and a tablet marked to his memory was
placed in the chapel.
Miss Florence Cronise and Miss Minnie E. Eaton
in company with the missionaries sent out by the Gen-
eral Board, and Bishop Hott and wife, sailed for Africa
November 27, 1894.
Mrs. West, Miss Schenck, and Miss Thomas re-
turned to America on furlough in December, 1894.
An industrial building was erected at Rotifunk industrial
during the year at a cost of $800; also a boat-house for Erected^
the protection of the boats in the rainy season, at a cost
of $600. A Y. P. C. U. was organized at Rotifunk.
At Bompeh the people built a barra for a school-
room and a good stone chapel with corrugated iron roof,
worth about $500. This chapel was dedicated by Bishop
Hott, January 20, 1895, who held the conference that
year and visited some of our mission stations.
Dr. Hatfield returned to America in the fall of 1895 isas.
for rest, after a service of four years. Dr. Mary Archer
sailed for the field December 7, 1895.
The close of the year 1895 saw the beginning of.the
construction of a railroad from Freetown into the inte-
rior.
At Rokon, in the Masimera country, where work had
been carried on for five years, the chief, by advice of the
28 The Woman's Missionary Association
English governor, gave the mission a deed for ten acres
of ground for a consideration of five pounds. Rokon is
situated on a large river, has a wharf, and many advan-
tages. The ground was cleared and a mission house
built.
1896. Rev. and Mrs. L. A. McGrew sailed from New York,
March 28, 1896. Mr. and Mrs. Cain returned to
America for a much needed rest early in the same sum-
mer, and Mr. McGrew had charge of the mission.
A school was opened at Kwellu, about -half way be-
tween Moyamba and Taiama, and a deed secured for
twenty acres of ground.
Cottage' Realizing the need of some place for recuperation for
^"*^*' the missionaries, the Board of Managers recommended
the building of a rest cottage in conjunction w^ith the
General Board, on Mt. Leicester just south of Freetown.
Two acres of ground, 1,550 feet above sea level, w^ere
leased from the government until such time as the land
shall be needed, six months' notice having been given;
if within twenty years, remuneration shall be made for
the buildings at surveyor's estimate. Either side may
cancel lease, giving six months' notice. The house is
twenty-six feet wide by fifty feet long. It contains
eight rooms, and by means of folding doors and
swinging windows, the four front rooms may be changed
into a piazza, ten feet wide by fifty feet long. The corner-
stone was laid by Bishop Mills November 4, 1896. The
1897. house was completed early in 1897 at a cost of $1,000 to
each Board, and was named Bethany Cottage. Bishop
Mills held the conference in January, 1897, and in com-
pany with the superintendent, visited the stations and
also made a trip into the Mendi country.
Mission House, Taiama
Bethany Cottage, Mt. Leicester
Native Chapel, Ronietta
Brick Yard, Rotifunk
Manual Training Class,
Albert Academy
Africa 29
On October 2, 1897, Mr. and Mrs. Cain, Dr. Marietta
Hatfield, and Miss Ella Schenck returned to Africa ac-
companied by Mr. Arthur Ward, newly appointed.
The experiment of boring for water after many dif- Brick Making,
ficulties, was successful, and resulted in a well sixty feet
deep, with a windmill for pumping. A kiln of twenty
thousand brick was burned, the boys doing all the
molding. These were used in building kitchens to the
boys' and girls' homes, steps to the school building and
mission house, and pillars under the rice and storehouse.
Application was made by the English government for
our boys to make the brick for the new barracks at
Kwellu.
At Taiama, where a school had been opened the year
before, a deed was secured for one hundred and twenty
acres of land. A mission house was built and the chief
built a barra for church and school purposes.
Upon the return of Mr. Cain, our superintendent, work Begun
Mr. and Mrs. McGrew and Dr. Hatfield located at "' '^*^""'-
Taiama and began the building of an American house.
The foundation was completed, but the work was greatly
hindered by trouble about taxation between the native
chiefs and the English government.
May 10, 1898, Minnie E. Eaton and Florence M. i898.
Cronise returned to America on furlough after faithful
service of three and a half years.
Rumors were heard from time to time concerning
unrest among the native people, because of the fancied
encroachment of the English government upon their
rights, but no general uprising was feared.
A hut-tax had been imposed upon the people for uprising
the purpose of public improvement in the protectorate, Massacre
but was misinterpreted by the people to mean ownership ° issionanes.
30 The ^^^oman's Missionary Association
of their homes, and proved the occasion for a general
uprising, in which all of our missionaries save one, gave
up their lives, and almost our entire mission plant
was destroyed. Just at the close of our fiscal year in
May, 1898, came the intelligence of the massacre of
five of our missionaries at Rotifunk on May 3 — Rev.
and Mrs. I. N. Cain, Dr. Marietta Hatfield, Dr. Mary
C. Archer, and Miss Ella M. Schenck.
They had been apprised of the danger, but were
unable to secure boatmen or hammock men to take them
away. Dr. Hatfield, being sick, could not walk far.
The mission children had been sent to their homes and
the missionaries hid in the bush overnight, and early in
the morning attempted to get away. Dr. Hatfield being
carried on the back of one of the boys; but they were
overtaken by the war party, carried back and killed in
front of the mission grounds at Rotifunk. The bones
of these were gathered by English officers, put into one
box and later were interred in the cemetery at Rotifunk.
Mr. and Mrs. McGrew had attempted to escape to
Kwellu, but were captured, detained as prisoners, and
on May 9, were taken in a canoe out to an island in the
Taia River, opposite Taiama where they were beheaded.
The bodies were thrown into the river and were never
found.
Native Workers Many of our faithful native workers also met death
at the hands of the war boys. Those who escaped, made
their way to Freetown. Mr. Arthur Ward, having been
in Freetown on business at the time, was the sole sur-
viving missionary. He desired to remain and learn for
himself of the terrible massacre and devastation wrought
by the war, but was advised by the government to re-
turn to America, so left Freetown, May 5, 1898.
Give up Lives.
Africa 31
Most of the property of the General Board was de-
stroyed, but, being on the coast, their missionaries escaped
by boat to Freetown.
Reconstruction.
Though paralyzed at first, both Boards soon felt
that the work must go on. It was not known whether
any missionary would be safe outside of Freetown, and
realizing that the beginnings would have to be slow,
arrangements were made for Rev. and Mrs. J. R. King,
who were to go out for the General Board, to give one-
half of their time to the work of the Woman's Missionary
Association. They sailed September 10, 1898, made
Freetown headquarters and began the work of recon-
struction.
With the exception of Bethany Cottage, the chapels Property
at Bompeh and Palli and the mission house at Rokon, ^^'^'"^y*'^-
the mission buildings had all been destroyed. All records
and rolls of membership were gone and the members
were scattered.
During the months following the uprising, when the
advisability of continuing work in Africa was being
weighed by the Boards at home, nine of the native work-
ers without any compensation or direction from the
Boards, gathered the members together, itinerated reg-
ularly in sixty-two towns, held religious services and
carried on the school work wherever possible.
Everywhere were found the good fruits of the mis- Fruits of
sion. The railroad engineers spoke highly of the re-
sults of the mission work in training young men, many
of them being employed by the English government to
fill responsible positions.
32
The Woman's Missionary Association
Work Re-
organized.
1899.
Devotion of
Converts.
1901.
While alone in the field for a year, Dr. and Mrs.
J. R. King were able to accomplish a great deal in gather-
ing the forces, determining new policies for the future,
and preparing the field for new workers. Bishop E. B.
Kephart, accompanied by Rev. and Mrs. E. E. Todd
and Rev. and Mrs. E. A. King, sailed November 15, 1899.
Bishop Kephart presided over the conference of 1900.
In writing to the home church he paid the following
tribute to the converts: "The spirit and devotion man-
ifested upon the part of the young men and women who
were educated and trained and converted in our schools
in Africa, when, in a sense they were thrown on their
own responsibility at the time of the uprising, was surely
equal to that manifested by the disciples after the death
of our blessed Lord. It has demonstrated the fact that
the native convert can be relied on under the most criti-
cal circumstances. Many of these converts have left
good lucrative positions to serve the Church and Christ
at a greatly reduced compensation."
After a trying term, during which the work was re-
organized, Mr. and Mrs. J. R. King returned to America
in the spring of 1901, for a much needed rest, leaving
Mr. Todd as acting superintendent.
1902.
Co-operation.
Since the territory operated by the two Boards in
Sierra Leone was so overlapping, and the work of Dr.
King as joint superintendent for one term had been sat-
isfactory, it was strongly felt by some of the workers at
home, as well as by the missionaries on the field, that the
work should be unified by some plan of permanent co-op-
eration, or that one of the two Boards should take over
all the work.
Africa oo
At the meeting of the Board of Managers in 1902, Propositions
two propositions were presented by the General Board,
one to consider co-operation and the other that the
Woman's Missionary Association take over their part of
the work in Sierra Leone. The Woman's Board recom-
mended that a committee of five, two from each Board
and a fifth to be chosen by the four, be appointed to con-
sider these propositions, and that this committee be
continued during the year, and after giving the matter
careful consideration, report to the Trustees and to the
Board of Managers at their next meeting.
The committee chosen on co-operation composed of
Mrs. L. R. Harford and Mrs. D. L. Llike representing the
Association, Dr. W. M. Bell'and Dr. W. R. Funk, of the
General Board, and Bishop Mills as the fifth member, met
September 22-23, 1902. After full conference it v/as voted :
1. That we continue joint headquarters in Free- Plan of
Cooperation
town, details for the lease or purchase, ownership and Agreed Upon,
management to be determined by both Boards.
2. That there be a joint superintendent elected
and supported by both Boards, with residence in Free-
town.
3. That a uniform schedule of salaries be estab-
lished for all missionaries, American and native, of both
Boards.
4. That the higher educational work of the whole
field be left for future consideration, as the need may de-
mand.
5. That, aside from the items mentioned, each
Board shall have control and responsibility as hereto-
fore.
FRE NCH ^f-'
G U I M E A
LIBERIA
34
Africa 35
6. That a committee of two members from each
Board be empowered to carry out the details of this
agreement.
This was ratified by the Trustees. Dr. J. R. King
was appointed superintendent and he and Mrs. King
sailed November 12, 1902.
Freetown.
Upon the arrival of Dr. and Mrs. J. R. King in the Work at
fall of 1898, headquarters were rented in Freetown and opened.^'^ ^^^
some evangelistic work was opened among the Mendis
for whom nothing was being done. Open-air meetings
were held at three places; later these were increased to
fifteen and still later to twenty-five. The work was well
organized, and carried on mainly by native workers, and
later by the student body of Albert Academy. Meetings
are held regularly every Sunday morning, the message
being given in their own language to hundreds of the
natives each time. This has also been a means of train-
ing for the native worker.
Realizing the need for a church home, a lease for church
twenty-five years, at $30 per year, with option of purchase, i905.
was secured upon Ebo Church, on Regent Road. It is
a good stone building 30x50 feet, on a lot 100x100 feet,
in a very desirable location. The church was repaired
and was dedicated during the conference of 1905 and
an organization effected at that time.
A Board of Trustees was appointed, consisting of
Bishop J. S. Mills, Dr. W. M. Bell and Mrs. B. F. Witt,
and their successors, to hold property jointly in Free-
town in trust for the missionary societies.
Later the vacant lot, 50x75 feet, adjoining the
church was purchased for $875.
36
The Woman's Missionary Association
Albert Academy.
Mr. Leininger's
Gift.
Lot Secured.
Plans were early begun for establishing a training
school under the joint control of the two Mission Boards.
In 1903, the Mission Council in Sierra Leone decided
upon Freetown as the most suitable location for the
school. This decision was accepted by the Mission
Boards.
Rev. R. P Dougherty, who had been secured as prin-
cipal of the school, sailed June 1, 1904, and on October 4,
the school was started in a rented building on East Street
with an enrollment of five students.
The same year, shortly after the opening of the
school, the General Board reported a gift received from
Mr. Ralph Leininger, of Brooklyn, N. Y., of $5,000 toward
the erection of a building to be named "Albert Academy,"
in memory of his cousin. Rev. Ira E. Albert, a missionary
under the General Board, who died in Africa, November
6, 1902. The Woman's Missionary Association agreed
to give $5,000 to offset this gift. That the Academy
might be established on a $20,000 basis each Board agreed
to raise an additional $5,000, this second $10,000 to be
used as an endowment fund. The $5,000 toward this
endowment was completed in the spring of 1906.
A very desirable location for the school was se-
cured, consisting of five acres near Circular Road on
the direct route to Mt. Leicester, at a cost of $2,000.
Mr. Leininger enlarged the original plans, agreeing
to assume the additional expense. Later, when, on
account of the panic of 1907, he was unable to meet it,
the Foreign Missionary Society agreed that his gift,
which amounted to about $7,000, should be considered as
to the Church and that they would raise the amount
still needed.
Africa 37
The building was begun in September, 1906. January comer-stone
14, 1907, the corner-stone was laid by His Excellency, ^^^^'
G. B. Haddon-Smith, acting governor of Sierra Leone.
It is an imposing cement block structure 100 feet Academy
long and 40 feet wide, three stories high. The larger ^"'^'^'"2-
portion of the building is used for school purposes while
at one end are the resident quarters of the missionaries
in charge. On the first floor of the school portion are
the main assembly room and a large class-room. On the
second floor are the office and library, the study room,
three lecture rooms, the science laboratory, and a resident
tutor's room. The third floor throughout the whole
building contains dormitories for students and resident
tutors. In the basement are the students' dining-room,
the manual-training shop and storerooms. Grounds.
The grounds are beautifully wooded and aff^ord
ample opportunity for outdoor industrial work. A fine
cement-block fence partly encloses the campus. The
approximate value of building and grounds is S20,000.
On January 11, 1908, the new building was dedicated Dedication,
by Dr. W. R. Funk, and on January 13, the first grad-
uating exercises of the Academy were held, when five
young men received their diplomas.
A greater teaching force being needed, Mr. E. M.
Hursh went out in the fall of 1905 and became vice-
principal. He had charge of the school from July, 1906, to
June, 1907, during Mr. Dougherty's absence from the field.
Rev. H. D. Southard went out in the spring of 1906 and
assisted in the academy until the conference of 1907.
The academy has been rapidly growing from year Rapid Growth.
to year. In 1905 the enrollment was forty-six and in
1906 it was eighty-nine, in 1907 it was 138 and in 190S
it was 173.
38
The Woman's Missionary Association
Cours&s mi
Study.
Itinerant's
League.
Mission
Headquarters
Erected.
Three courses of study are provided — Biblical,
Normal and Scientific, extending over four years. The
paramount object of the Academy is to educate young
men for mission work. Provision is made for thorough
religious, literary and physical training. It aims to
give such a comprehensive preparation to each student
that, whether he goes out as a preacher, teacher, pro-
fessional man, or tradesman, he will be a factor in the
extension of Christ's kingdom in Africa. Its doors are
wide open to all young men seeking general academic
training along practical lines.
±\n "Itinerants' League" was organized in 1907.
Its object is to promote grace and Christian fellowship
among its members; to aid them in practical Christian
service, and especially to carry the gospel of Jesus Christ
to the untaught native people of Freetown. Meetings
are held at the academy every Saturday evening, pre-
paratory to the meetings to be held on Sunday. Reports
are received and the work outlined; the needs are dis-
cussed and suggestions made. Thus the work is system-
atically and definitely directed and the league impresses
the students with the responsibilities and calls of the
work.
The inconvenience of frequent removals and the
difficulties in obtaining suitable quarters made it imper-
ative that a missionary home should be secured. In
the spring of 1907 it was agreed by both Boards that
fees accruing from the American consul work which Dr.
King and Mr. Dougherty were doing during the absence
of the Consul, should be used to purchase ground. They
also authorized the erection of a house to cost $5,000,
this amount to be borne equally by both Boards. A
valuable site was secured on Gloucester, one of the prin-
Mission Headquarters. Freetown
United Brethren Church. Freetown
West Africa Conference. I'MO
Albert Academy, Freetown
^
no
n
First Graduates from
Albert Academy
Academy Students Preaching Among
Mendis, Freetown
Africa 39
cipal streets of the city, and next door to the postoffice
for $2,250. Ground was broken for the building in Jan-
uary, 1908, and the work was pushed v/ith but Httle ces-
sation, so that it was ready for the missionaries by the
first of November, Dr. King having offered to stay a
year over his term in order to complete it. It is a three
story structure of concrete block and is much appreciated
by all our missionaries, as it gives our superintendent and
his wife better facilities for conducting their work and
also furnishes a comfortable home for our other mission-
aries when in Freetown. There is ample office room for
committees and council and conference meetings. The
store and packing rooms are of great value, as all the
supplies for all our other stations are delivered to head-
quarters and repacked in suitable boxes before shipping.
The total cost of the ground and building was $7,800.
Rev. and Mrs. W. E. Reibel sailed for the field
September 30, 1903. Soon after their arrival in Free-
town, Mrs. Reibel took sick and died December 10, 1903,
and was buried in Kissey cemetery, Freetown.
Miss Mary Lambert went to Africa in the fall of 1907,
at her own expense as a self-supporting missionary and
was married to Mr. Hursh, December 19, 1907. They
took their regular furlough in the spring of 1908.
Late in 1907 the mission was favored with the depu- Deputation
tation visit of Dr. W. R. Funk, and Mr. J. W. Ruth of ^^'^*' ^^'^^'^•
Scottdale, Pa. The seven weeks which they spent
on the field w^ere employed to the fullest extent possible;
the stations were visited, and their presence and practical
experience were an inspiration and an uplift to all the
missionaries. Dr. Funk presided over the annual con-
ference which convened January S, 1908, and dedicated
the Albert Academy January 11.
40
The Woman's Missionary Association
Dr. J. R. King has continued as superintendent,
Mr. C. W. Snyder and Mr. E. M. Hursh acting during
his furloughs in 1905 and 1909.
Town
Rebuilt.
Boys' Home
Reopened.
Rotifunk.
Some time after the uprising, the governor gave
orders that Rotifunk should be rebuilt, and this was
slowly accomplished with larger and better houses. The
railroad, which had been projected from Freetown into
the interior, passes through Rotifunk, and the station
is located on the mission grounds. Soon a postofifice was
established, and telegraph service was in operation.
A deed was secured for the one hundred acres of ground.
The mission house, 36x26 feet with a kitchen 20x12 feet,
was rebuilt on the same site as the one destroyed, and
for a time served as a missionary residence and boys'
home.
The work here took on new life with the coming of
Mr. and Mrs. Todd early in 1900. The industrial build-
ing was rebuilt; the first floor was used as a workshop
and the second for church and school purposes. The
boys were gathered into the home and a day school
started.
Miss Ellen Groenendyke with her experience of one
term on the field, and Dr. Zenora Griggs, whose medical
work would be not only helpful to the natives but a real
blessing to the missionaries, sailed October 2, 1900. Miss
Groenendyke was made evangelist and su'perintendent
of schools of the district.
The conference of 1901 sent Mr. and Mrs. Todd to
another station and for eight months Miss Groenendyke
was in charge of the work at Rotifunk. She served as
pastor, did Sunday-school work and house-to-house
Africa 41
visitation, in addition to having the general oversight of
the schools of the district.
Rev. and Mrs. Walter S. Richards sailed February
20, 1901. Mr. Richards took charge of the school.
During the year the boys' home was built from church
brick made by the mission boys. The church was re- Reorganized,
organized with sixty-one members.
The return to America of Miss Groenendyke in the
spring of 1902, and later in the year of Mr. and Mrs.
Richards, because of the ill health of Mrs. Richards, left
Dr. Griggs in charge of the station, and Miss Rilla
Akin, who sailed October 15, 1902, in charge of the
school.
Rev. and Mrs. Clayton Judy sailed for the field Bishop j. s. Miih
September 30, 1903. Late in 1903 Bishop J. S. Mills ^''''' ^^'^^•
made his quadrennial visit. He helped greatly, not
only by the Bible school which he conducted and in pre-
siding over the annual conference which was held at
Rotifunk, but also by his visitation to nearly all the
stations, where his preaching was very practical and
his presence inspiring.
In 1900 the natives started a subscription to rebuild Martyrs
the chapel, and promised to pay for it in money or labor, church.
They were encouraged in this, for it was felt that a church
which they had helped to build would mean more to them.
Later it was decided that it should be a memorial church,
in memory of the missionaries massacred in 1898. It
is a strong stone structure. The auditorium is 40x33
feet; Sunday-school room 24x23 feet. The church cost
$4,300; of this amount S2,370 was collected on the field.
On the front wall of the auditorium were placed three
beautiful granite tablets; the central one in memory of
the martyrs; to the right, one in memory of Rev. R. N.
42 The Woman's Missionary Association
West ; to the left, one in memory of Miss Frances Williams
and Miss Elma Bittle.
There are two large cathedral glass windows, one
presented in memory of the paramount chief, J. C. B.
Caulker; the other was the gift of the missionaries in
memory of those who suffered death in 1898.
On the outside, directly under the large front window
a grey stone is set in the wall, marked as follows:
In Memory of the
Martyrs of 1898,
United Brethren in Christ.
W. M. A. 1902.
The dedicatory services were held October 9, 1904,
the Governor being present.
Miss Rilla Akin took her furlough in the spring of
1905. Mr. Riebel supplied in the school for a time, but
was invalided home that summer. His sister, Mrs.
Judy, followed a fev/ months later. Mr. Judy remained
on the field until the expiration of his term in the spring
of 1906.
Boys' Home Miss Akin rctumcd to the field in the fall accom-
November 29, 1906. Mr. Miller took charge of the
industrial work and Mrs. Miller was matron of the Boys'
Home. During the year an addition was built to the
Boys' Home, making room for fifty boys.
Miss Mary Stauffer sailed December 19, 1906, and
took up the school work. Miss Akin having been trans-
ferred to Moyamba. Miss Alice Dougherty, a trained
nurse, sailed June 15, 1907, to assist in the medical work.
During the year a number of new boys were gathered
into the home, a good school was maintained and the
industrial work successfully carried on.
Africa
4a
Good Year
For Day
School.
Mr. and Mrs. Miller returned to America in the
spring of 1908, and desiring a more healthful station than
Rotifunk on account of their son, John, they resigned
their work and accepted an appointment to Shenge
under the Foreign Missionary Society.
Miss Dougherty, who had charge of the station after
the Millers left, did efficient work, keeping good control
over the boys, and planning their work.
In 1908 the school under Miss Stauffer had its best
year, enrolling 199. Miss Stauffer had set her mark to
get fifty girls into the school during the year, having had
only thirty-seven the year previous. She lacked but
three in realizing her aim. Miss Stauffer returned to
America in the spring of 1909, for her regular furlough,
one of the native workers having charge of the school
during her absence.
The evangelistic work is carried forward constantly.
All departments of church work, under a native pastor,
are organized and flourishing. Every Sunday the boys
go out in groups, sometimes walking five or six miles,
oftentimes reaching as many as twenty villages, and give
to the people the message of salvation.
A sacred spot at Rotifunk is the cemetery. Here are cemetery
the graves of our martyrs and of all the white missionaries
of both Boards who have laid down their lives in Africa,
with the exception of Mrs. Riebel, whose grave is in
Freetown cemetery.
Dr. Zenora Griggs, who arrived on the field in the
fall of 1900, opened a dispensary in the basement of the
mission house in January, 1901. At first but few came
for treatment, and the work was carried on in an irreg-
ular way. Beginning in August, 1901, the dispensary
was opened three half days per week.
Evangelistic
Work.
Medical
Work
Reopened.
44
The Woman's Missionary Association
Hatfield-Archer
Dispensary.
Ministering
to the Sick.
Realizing the need of more extensive quarters and
the advantage of having them removed from the mission
house, a dispensary was erected on the mission grounds
near the spot where Dr. Archer gave up her Hfe. It was
built of brick, most of it made by hand, the work of the
mission boys. It is a story and a half building 45x22
feet, with a corrugated iron roof, and has a wide veranda
entirely surrounding the house. The cement floors were
laid by the mission boys. Some of the bricks were laid
by them, and about one-third of the plastering and ail
the painting was the work of their hands. It contains
five rooms — the dispensing room, consulting room, two
wards, and a rest room.
A marble slab in the front wall is inscribed :
Hatfield-Archer
Medical Dispensary
1906
"Heal the Sick."
This building gives the doctor better facilities for
her work, and some extra rooms where patients may re-
main for special treatment and care. Monday, Wed-
nesday and Saturday of each week are the days for dis-
pensing medicines. Often before daylight the people
begin to gather under the veranda, and at 7 a. m. a gospel
service is held, the mission boys acting as interpreters.
At the close of the service each one is given a card with
a number on it. These "tickets" are presented accord-
ing to number. Any one coming after the service does
not receive a ticket and therefore must necessarily wait
until all the others have received treatment — an induce-
ment for them to attend the services. A small sum is
charged for treatment and medicines.
Africa 45
The fame of our medical work has spread over a Growth of
large territory. Many people come long distances to
the mission for treatment. During the first year the
doctor treated 200 cases, second year, 500 cases, third
year, 1,600 cases, in 1908, 3,266 with a net income of
more than $1,800, while in 1909, the number of cases
treated increased to 4,180.
No one can estimate the need of ministry to these
poor diseased bodies, and this is but a step to the evan-
gelistic work, reaching to their souls. During the doc-
tor's furloughs, the work was successfully carried on in
1904 by Mr. Judy and in 1907 by Miss Dougherty.
The boys who live at the Boys' Home on the mission industrial
grounds, about forty in number, in addition to their
regular duties at the day school, are required to each
give four hours per day to industrial work, and six
hours on Saturdays and during vacations. A brick-
making machine which had been donated was sent out
in the fall of 1901.
The industrial work has been carried on consecu-
tively, but with many hindrances, by Mr. Richards,
Mr. Judy, and Mr. Miller. While no work has been
done on a large scale, still the boys have learned a
great deal about agriculture, carpentry and blacksmith
work, the making and laying of brick and cement, the
making of furniture, painting, etc. Much practical
knowledge has been gained and our boys are sought
by the English government for various positions; one
of them did most of the surveying for the railroad
which was built into the interior.
Along agricultural lines, large quantities of pine-
apples and bananas are raised, coffee, palm, and kola
trees, the latter bearing a marketable nut; rice, cassava.
46 The Woman's Missionary Association
and yams are grown in abundance, the last two being
fair substitutes for potatoes. Some Uttle experiment
has been made with cotton.
The boys can make brick and are learning to manage
a kiln, but it is a question as to how much market there
will be for them. There is fine building stone all over
the protectorate. It is of red color, soft when quarried,
easily worked and well adapted to the climate, and be-
cause of its porous formation it does not retain water
as do the bricks. The Rotifunk church is built of
the native stone, all of which was carried on the heads
of the boys from the quarry to the church site. The
boys enlarged their home, and did most of the work in
the building of the dispensary and native parsonage.
They do the repairing of buildings and fences and some
limework. All of these things are teaching the dignity
of labor and are tending toward self-support.
Moyamha.
In 1899 Moyamba was made the government head-
quarters of Ronietta district. It is situated on the rail-
road twenty-one miles east of Rotifunk and is connected
with Rotifunk by a highway sixty to eighty feet wide.
Deed for Land In 1900 a deed was secured for eight acres of land
between the government headquarters and the town.
On this was a large barra, erected by the government,
which was used for a church and for school purposes.
The conference of 1900 stationed at Moyamba
Rev. and Mrs. E. A. King, who had but recently come
to the field. They moved into the native house which
had been erected the previous year, and began at once
to build an American house, part of which was completed
Martyrs' Memorial Church, Rotifunk
Mission House, Rotifunk
'jM^-^
Boys' Home, Rotifunk
Medical Dispensary, Rotifunk
Girls" Home and Mission House, Moyaniba
United Brethren Church, Moyamba
Schoolhouse, Moyamba
Africa 47
by the first of June. Mrs. King gathered the girls into ciris Gathered
her home and taught them to work.
Because of the serious illness of Mrs. King, they re-
turned to America in the spring of 1901.
Miss Minnie Eaton, returning to Africa for her
second term, sailed October 2, 1900, and took charge of
the school. In addition to her school work she taught
the girls to cut, fit, and make their own clothing and do
other sewing. She organized a seekers' class of thirty-
two members among the Mendis in the town and did
house-to-house visiting.
Early in 1901 Mr. and Mrs. Todd went to Moyamba church Built
that Miss Eaton might not be alone. Mr. Todd com- iTedicated.
pleted the church at Moyamba, a substantial stone
structure 30x42 feet. It is seated with comfortable
high-back pews, and is valued at $2,125, about $900 of
which was raised on the field. The people had looked
forward with great interest to its dedication and a large
audience gathered on the day set, June 22, 1902, and
listened to a soul-stirring sermon by Rev. I. E. Albert.
The church more than doubled its membership during
the year. As acting superintendent, Mr. Todd had over-
sight of all the stations and Mrs. Todd, in addition to
having charge of the mission house and the oversight of
the Girls' Home did pastoral work, and held services
in the jail.
Miss Mary Murrel sailed October 15, 1902, and on
the return to America of Mr. and Mrs. Todd in the spring
of 1903, she went to Moyamba and took charge of the
evangelistic work, and was also matron of the Girls' Home.
Rev. and Mrs. C. W. Snyder sailed September 30, changes in
1903. Mrs. Snyder suffered a nervous shock in Decem- FJ?ce°""^
ber, caused by the death of Mrs. Riebel, and spent a few
48 The Woman's Missionary Association
weeks at the Canary Islands. The conference of 1904
stationed them at Moyamba. Mr. Snyder had charge
of the station and Mrs. Snyder was matron of the Girls'
Home. Miss Eaton returned to America on furlough
in the spring of 1904. In the spring Miss Murrel, hav-
ing been seriously ill with black-water fever, was ordered
home by the physician. Mr. and Mrs. Todd returned
to Africa, sailing August 19, 1904. Their services were
needed at many of the places, and they entered into the
work with zeal. After a short illness with black-water
fever, Mr. Todd died December 12, 1904. The funeral
services were conducted in the Rotifunk church, and he
was buried in the cemetery there. Mrs. Todd bravel}^
decided to stay on and has manifested what the grace
of God can do for those who are willing to appropriate
the richness of his gifts.
Miss Murrel sailed November 30, 1904, for her second
term and had charge of the school until November, 1905,
when on account of a second attack of black-water fever
it became necessary for her to return to America.
In the spring of 1905, when Mr. Snyder went to
Freetown to act as superintendent during Mr. King's
absence, Mrs. Todd took charge of the station, and con-
tinued as missionary in charge for two years. She took
her regular furlough in the spring of 1907, and since her
return to thQ field has served as an evangelist. Mrs.
Snyder was invalided home in the spring of 1905.
Mr. Snyder returned at the expiration of his term.
A native schoolhouse, with galvanized iron roof,
was erected in the spring of 1905.
Miss Rilla Akin took her furlough in the spring of
1905. She returned to the field in the fall, sailing No-
Africa 49
vember 29, 1905, and became matron of the Girls' Home.
She was married to Mr. Southard January 2, 1907.
After the reconstruction it was thought advisable Missionaries'
to move the girls to Moyamba. The native house was ffom?."^*'
reroofed and repaired and used as a home for the girls
for several years. The building in which the missionaries
had been living was put up hurriedly after the war and
was not intended to be a permanent home. In 190G
plans were made for a new building, which was really
two homes, the girls and missionaries to be under one
roof, but so divided that each home was complete in
itself. This greatly facilitated matters for the mis-
sionary in charge. The home was completed and the
missionaries moved in shortly before Christmas, 1907.
It is built of concrete block at a cost of $4,574.40. The
old mission house was removed and placed at the back of
the dormitory on a new foundation, thus furnishing ac-
commodations for almost twice the number of girls. Miss
Ella Shanklin, sailed June 20, 1908. She took charge of
the school, and since Mr. and Mrs. Southard's return to
America in the fall of 1908 has been matron of the home.
The practical training given the girls in the Home is P"cticai
intended to prepare them to be good mothers and home- ^°^ <^»'"''*-
makers. There were twenty-one girls in the home dur-
ing the year 1908, and they had systematic training in
plain and fancy sewing, crocheting and general house-
work. They also were interested a part of the year in
gardening.
At Moyamba we have a strong work among the IrMt" °^
English-speaking population and the people contribute ^'"po'"*^""-
toward the expense of the church work. As the district
government headquarters, the station is one of great
importance, which is fully appreciated by our missionaries.
50
The Woman's Missionary Association
Chiefs and their followers come from places where there
are no missions, and special meetings are arranged to speak
to these groups. For several years work has been carried
on in the jail located here, and good results have been
obtained. At several times, condemned prisoners have
professed their faith in Jesus and have received the rite
of baptism.
Tablet in
Memory of
Mr. and Mrs.
McGrew.
House
Built.
Taiama.
After the war, Taiama was destroyed by the English
force and, before permitting it to be rebuilt, the English
officers directed in laying out the town.
Early in 1901, one of the native pastors was sent
to reopen the work; a mission house was built by the
natives, and a school started at once.
An inscribed tablet was sent out in the spring of
1903 to mark the place where Mr. and Mrs. McGrew
were massacred. Since for the greater part of the year
the water rushes over the rock where their lives were
sacrificed, and the high bank shuts it from view, unless
one gets to the water's edge, the tablet was placed on the
bank of the river where it can easily be seen and read.
A hand points to the rock. The inscription reads, "On
this Rock the American Missionaries, Rev. L. A. Mc-
Grew and his wife, Clara McGrew, were massacred May
9, 1898."
A new mission house made of native lumber was
built in 1904. It is 36x26 feet, with a six foot wide
veranda extending the entire length of the house.
Miss Eaton, returning to Africa for her third term
accompanied by Miss Angie Akin, sailed November 30,
1904. The conference of 1905 placed Miss Eaton in
charge of the station and Miss Angie Akin in charge of
Africa 51
the school. A church was organized in 1906, with six
members.
Taiama is the largest purely uncivilized town in a strategic
which we have work. Politically it is a center of great ^*"*'^-
importance, and there is no doubt but it holds the
same strategic importance as a center for evangelization.
The school is not as large as it should be, but those who
are in it are making good progress. We have a faithful
band of workers here. Meetings for preaching and in-
struction are held each week in six different parts of the
town and an interesting Sunday school meets every
Sunday afternoon. Our missionaries and the itinerants
visit regularly fifteen or twenty towns, and at longer
intervals hold meetings in many others.
Brick were burned for a new church, which is very
much needed, and land was secured on which to build
it. The location is central and commanding.
A branch dispensary was opened in 1908.
Our work in Sierra Leone has been carried on mainly work
among the people of two tribes, the Temnis and the Two^fribes,
Mendis. Among the Temnis there are eight stations
and substations — Rotifunk, Ronietta, Yonnie Banna,
Makundu, Rokon, Bradford, Palli and Rotower.
The Temni Work,
Work was begun among the Yonnie people, a branch
of the Temnis before the uprising, when it seemed a
heroic thing to venture up into the country of this tribe
that had such a warlike reputation. Our first mission-
aries at Rotifunk had often been exposed to danger by
their hostile raids, and they were considered a proud
and unfriendly people. We now have three stations
among them — Makundu, Ronietta and Yonnie Banna.
^:^2
The Woman's Missionary Association
Makundu.
Ronietta.
Yonnic Banna.
Rokon.
Work was first opened at Makundu in 1895. A
piece of land, well located, was secured in 1899, a chapel
and mission house built, and a school started by Thomas
Hallowell. We have an organized church, and the in-
creasing interest manifested in our work is doubtless
partly due to the help of the chief, Foula Mansa, who was
a stanch friend of our mission and a firm believer in
Christianity. He died in November, 1908.
At Ronietta, twenty miles northeast of Rotifunk,
on a branch of the Sierra Leone River, we have our strong-
est work among this people. In 1904 Mr. Hallowell
was sent to open the work here, and has been wonderfully
blessed of God in his labors among them. Fifteen acres of
ground splendidly located have been cleared and fenced
and early in 1908 an adobe mission house with galvanized
iron roof was built. A number of children are kept in
the home and these receive Christian training. A good
school is maintained. A chapel has been built in the
center of the town and we have an organized church
with a good Sunday school, and Senior and Junior
Christian Endeavor societies. This is one of the most
hopeful mission stations.
That part of the country where Yonnie Banna is
located is closely affiliated with Foula Mansa's territory
and he gave great assistance in opening the station in
1907. Yonnie Banna is on the branch railroad and the
beginnings of our work here have been very hopeful.
The school has had a very large attendance. Ground
was obtained late in the year 1908 and a good mission
house and a chapel will soon be built.
The station at Rokon was reopened in 1902, and
while there is a wide field of opportunity the work does
Africa 53
not progress very rapidly because of the strong Moham-
medan influence in the town.
Bradford, a railroad town east of Rotifunk, was Bradford.
opened in 1902. We have a fine location here with a
native mission house, church, and school, the work mak-
ing fair progress.
Bompeh and PalH were among our earliest stations. Bompeh and
Being close to each other, the same pastor has charge of
both. At Palli we have a good stone chapel and con-
siderable mission property capable of development along
industrial lines. There was a revival of interest in the
school in 1908.
Rotower is a new station opened three or four miles Rotower.
from Rotifunk. Ground for mission purposes was
secured and the people responded well in helping to
build the mission house, and were also interested in the
school.
The Mendi Work.
In addition to the work among the Mendis at Moy-
amba and Taiama, our missionaries at Moyamba give
oversight to four . outstations among this tribe, Kwellu,
Mokouri, Lungay and Yoyema.
Kwellu is one of the best centers in the great Mendi Kweiiu.
country. It is quite a large town with more than fifty
smaller villages subject to it. In 1S96 Mrs. Julianna
Thompson, a daughter of Bishop Crowther, arranged
with our mission to open work at Kwellu, looking to the
people for every expense connected with the opening of
a new station, except a small salary for her personal
support. She began a school for the children, and from
the first she secured the interest of the chief, Kongomo.
who aided her greatly in reaching the people. He him-
54
The Woman's Missionary Association
Mokouri and
Lungay.
Yoyema.
Summary.
self became an earnest inquirer and after several years
of testing was baptized in 1902, a few days before his
death. A class was organized and a good stone chapel
built by the people themselves. With the death of
Mrs. Thompson, May 20, 1905, our mission lost one of
its loyal workers. Kwellu continues as one of our
fruitful mission centers in the Mendi country though
a strong Mohammedan influence prevails.
Mokouri and Lungay are small places not far from
Moyamba. School work has been carried on at both
places.
Yoyema was opened in 1907 and bids fair to be one
of our good stations.
To carry on the work in Africa, we had in the spring
of 1909, twelve American missionaries and twenty-eight
African workers. At the conference that year there
were reported ten organized churches, 180 regular
preaching places, 278 communicant members, 1,250
adherents, fifteen Sunday schools, with a membership of
810, fourteen day schools and three boarding schools
with a combined enrollment of 681, eight Junior and
Senior Christian Endeavor societies, one dispensary, in
which 3,266 cases were treated during 1908. The total
value of property was $38,040.00.
GERMANY
At the meeting of the Board of Managers at Fostoria,
Ohio, in May, 1880, Rev. C. Bischoff, superintendent
of the work of our Church in Germany, and Rev. D. K.
Flickinger, Secretary of the Home, Frontier, and Foreign
Missionary Society, told of the need and also of the great
opportunity for work in Germany. It was agreed to
pay $350 toward the support of a pastor at Coburg, a
city of about 14,000 inhabitants. Rev. G. Noetzold,
the first missionary, organized a church at this place, orgln^zed.
March 27, 1881, with twenty members.
In the spring of 1886, the conference appointed
Rev. H. Barkemeyer to Coburg.
There was a growing feeling among those having
the German work most at heart, that, in order to secure
better results, a chapel should be erected. A lady in
Coburg had contributed $62 for this purpose and several
small sums had been given by friends in America, so the
fund was opened.
For years very little success attended the mission D^iscontinued!"'^^
in Coburg; many difficulties arose, and in the spring of
1889 the trustees officially gave back the station to the
Home, Frontier, and Foreign Missionary Society. This
action was approved by the Board of Managers at its
meeting in Harrisburg, in May, 1889.
Persons best acquainted with the field recommended
that a mission be opened in Berlin, but since no suitable
56
The Woman's Missionarv Association
German Work
Transferred to
Home, Frontier,
and Foreign
Missionary
Society.
person was found to undertake this work, the Board of
Managers at its meeting in May, 1890, in Summit Street
Church, Dayton, Ohio, decided that the fund for German
work be continued and its appropriation be left to the
Trustees, also that the money raised for a chapel in Ger-
many be kept for that purpose.
At the meeting of the Board of Managers in 1892 it
was decided that the work in Germany could better be
carried on through the Home, Frontier, and Foreign
Missionary Society, and the Trustees were authorized
to offer to them the money on hand for building a chapel
in Weimar, and also to appropriate $200 for the year
toward the support of the pastor. The offer was
accepted.
The Board of Managers at its meeting in Westfield,
Illinois, in May, 1895, adopted the following report:
"Whereas, We still have the German Chapel Fund
intact; and, Whereas, The conditions now at Weimar,
Germany, as reported by Bishop J. W. Hott, are favor-
able for the permanent establishment of a church there,
there being a membership of forty-eight, who have pur-
chased a desirable lot and wish to build a house of wor-
ship; and, Whereas, In response to inquiry of our Board
of Trustees, the Home, Frontier, and Foreign Missionary
Society has made the following communication : 'Having
received from the Executive Committee of the Woman's
Missionary Association a proposition with regard to the
German Chapel Fund, and having fully investigated the
circumstances in which this fund was secured, and also
the present condition of the church at Weimar, we rec-
ommend that they pay the said fund to the church at
Weimar, and that they be relieved from any further
responsibility in the matter.' Therefore,
Ciermany 57
''Resolved, That the treasurer be authorized to pay chapei Fund
over to the treasurer of the Home, Frontier, and Foreign '^""^^""*^-
Missionary Society the German Chapel Fund, ($2,703.-
08), upon receiving notification that the money is needed,
and assurance that we are exempt from further respon-
sibiHty."
A brick church was erected at Weimar, a city of
16,000 inhabitants, and was dedicated in July, 1896.
PORTLAND, OREGON
School for
Chinese
Opened.
Sunday School
Organized.
From the beginning of the work as an Association
the Chinese on the Pacific coast had enhsted the sym-
pathy of our women. The Bishops returning from visits
to the coast told of how utterly destitute of gospel priv-
ileges these people were. Nothing definite was done
until in the spring of 1881, when the Board of Managers
at its meeting in Western, Iowa, adopted the following
resolution: "That we request the Trustees to open a
school for the Chinese on the Pacific Coast as soon as
practicable."
Bishop Castle visited San Francisco, and Portland,
Oregon, and found many Chinese at both places. In
Portland he found a night school for the Chinese which
had been carried on for six years by Moy Ling, a Christ-
ian Chinaman. The school had grown so large that
Moy Ling was anxious to transfer it to some church, and
Bishop Castle began to negotiate for it. After careful
investigation, the Trustees, in October, 1882, decided to
take the school. November 15, 1882, Mrs. Ellen Sick-
afoose, of Buchanan, Michigan, was appointed to take
charge of the mission. When she went to Portland
July 16, 1883, there were twenty pupils. Within nine
months the number increased to 157 and they contri-
buted $407 toward the support of the school, which was
held every evening during the week except Saturday.
A Sunday school was organized the first Sunday
after the arrival of Mrs. Sickafoose. The building which
58
mx
lti!1 'r IS I lui
''>i>) -Mi
£i% *
United Brethren Chapel.
Weimar, Germany
First I nited lirethren Church,
Porthmd. Oregon
Chinese School. Portland. Orej^on
Portland, Oregon 59
had been rented became very crowded and there was
great need for a larger and better place.
At the meeting of the Board of Managers at Harts- Property
ville, Indiana, in May, 1884, Rev. George Sickafoose was P"'''^*^"*^-
appointed to this work. At this time it was learned
that the building used for the school was to be sold.
Action was taken to secure a suitable place for the
school. Early in 1885 a property was purchased costing
$8,000.
During the first five years of our mission work in \v?S.
Portland great prosperity attended it, 500 different
Chinese had been in the school and fifty-nine had pro-
fessed faith in Christ and joined the Church. During
these five j^ears the pupils paid $2,545.58 in tuition, on
the property, and for missions.
In the fall of 1890 the school was visited by Mrs.
L. R. Keister (Harford), the general secretary. In July,
1891, Rev. George Sickafoose resigned and entered the
active ministry.
Mrs. Sickafoose with Moy Ling continued the school ;
but on account of ill health, she resigned October 1, 1893.
Mrs. Mary Henkle, of Philomath, Oregon, was appointed
to the vacancy, with Moy Ling continued as assistant
and interpreter. She entered upon her work at once.
Mrs. Henkle would employ none but Christian teachers.
A free class was organized. Late in the year 1895 the
mission was visited by Bishop and Mrs. Weaver and also
by Mrs. L. K. Miller. In 1897 it was thought that
perhaps better results might be obtained if the school
were moved nearer to Chinatown. This was done with
, 1 1 •! r • , r , School Moved.
increased expense, and while a fair number of boys at-
tended the school the result was not what the trustees
and superintendent expected.
60
Tlie Woman's Missionary Association
School
Discontinued.
Property Sold.
New Work.
Church
Organized.
Mrs. Hcnkie resigned in the spring of 1898 and the
trustees were confronted with the problem of continuing
the school. At the meeting of the Board of Managers
held at Westerville in 1898 the following recommenda-
tion was adopted :
"On account of the changed conditions and the res-
ignation of Mrs. M. E. Henkle, the distance of the
mission from Chinatown, the failure to secure the hoped-
for results by moving to a more suitable location, that
the school at Portland be suspended for the present,
and that our property be disposed of as soon as the
Trustees deem advisable, the proceeds to be used for
our work in China; that we heartily appreciate Mrs.
Henkle's labor of love among this people, and also that
of Moy Ling and wife, and pray that Heaven's blessing
may ever rest upon them, and the Master in his own
good time, will reveal the results."
The property was sold in 1906 for $7,000 and the
amount appropriated to the work in China.
There was a growing need for a United Brethren
Church in Portland, and upon the advice of Bishop Hott
the Board of Managers at its meeting in Decatur, Il-
linois, in May, 1891, agreed to pay toward the pastor's
support for five years and pledged $3,000 to assist in
purchasing property, provided that Oregon Conference
open a mission in that city, provide a pastor, and erect
the building.
The offer was accepted and the conference appointed
Rev. I. G. Knotts missionary to Portland, and a commit-
tee to locate the mission.
In the fall of 1891 a hall was rented and a church
organized with twenty-six members. In January, 1892,
a lot was purchased for $3,500 and the building was begun
Portland, Oregon 61
in the spring. In the fall of 1893 the conference appoint-
ed Rev. C. C. Bell as pastor.
On account of the financial depression all over the Building
country, the conference was not able to complete the ^'■•<=*^^-
church. The Association therefore assumed all financial
responsibility. The church was finished in the summer
of 1894 at a cost of $5,000 and deeded to the Association.
It was dedicated November 18, 1894, by Bishop N.
Castle and Bishop J. S. Mills.
In the fall of 1895 Rev. Mr. Bell resigned and the
church was without a regular pastor for a year, when
Rev. E. E. Fix was appointed, who continued until the
spring of 1899.
During the years that the church was under the siow Growth.
supervision of the Association its growth in membership
was very small. In 1899 the total number of members
was sixty-six with about one hundred enrolled in the
Sunday school. They paid current expenses but were
not able to pay anything toward the pastor's salary.
At the meeting of the Board of Managers in Fort
Wayne, Indiana, in May, 1899, the committee brought
in the following report, which was adopted by a full
rising vote:
"Since it is believed that the welfare of cur Portland
church will be better secured by placing it in the same re-
lation to the General Church as the other Coast churches,
as was originally intended when the Portland church
was projected, it was decided to adopt the recommen-
dation of the Corresponding Secretary that our church Deeded ^to
property in East Portland be deeded to the Trustees of ^°''^^ ^^'"■'''•
the local U. B. Church in Portland, Oregon Conference,
that we agree to pay toward the pastor's salary, S300 for
1899 and $200 for 1900, when our financial connection
62 The Woman's Missionary Association
shall cease." The latter amount was changed to $300
at the request of the Bishop and presiding elder of Oregon
Conference, which sum was also paid in 1901.
During these eight years the Woman's Missionary
Association contributed $12,666.68 to the Portland
church.
1889.
CHINA
At the meeting of the Board of Managers held at
Toledo, Iowa, in May, 1888, it was decided to open work
in China, and it was recommended that when Moy Ling,
one of the teachers in our Chinese mission school in Port-
land, Oregon, returned to China, Rev. George Sicka-
foose should accompany him to open the work there.
Because of the "Chinese Exclusion Bill" the United
States Government refused to sign papers permitting
Moy Ling's return to America, so their going was deferred.
At the meeting of the Board of Managers at Harrisburg,
Pa., in May, 1889, Moy Ling having signified his intention
of returning to China in the fall, it was decided that Mr.
Sickafoose should accompany him, and also that mis-
sionaries should be sent with them who would remain
with the mission when located.
Miss Austia Patterson and Miss Lillian Shaffner First
were appointed, and Miss Patterson became the first
superintendent. The party sailed October 4, 1889, and
landed at Hong Kong October 31. Here Miss Patterson
and Miss Shaffner remained for a few weeks, visiting the
different missions and making the acquaintance of the
missionaries, while Mr. Sickafoose and Moy Ling went
on to Canton. After thorough investigation it was
thought best to locate the mission at Canton, inasmuch m
as the port offered protection both to life and property,
while country districts were very unsettled. Besides,
this place offered excellent opportunities for mission work.
It is a city with a population estimated at two and a
63
ission
Located.
64 The Woman's Missionary Association
half to three milHons of people. There were several
missions already well established, yet the place was by no
means evangelized. On the south side of the Pearl River
and opposite to the main part of the city is an island
called Honari. This island is about twelve miles long
and from a mile to a mile and a half broad. Honam
with its population of 400,000 had but one missionary,
and it was decided to locate the mission there.
Mr. Sickafoose, having completed his work, returned
to America the followingjune, and Miss Shaffner, because
of ill health, returned in October of the same year, leziv-
ing Miss Patterson the only representative of our Church
in the great Chinese Empire. With courage and heroism
and a deep conviction of God's call, she gave herself to
the work, and in a short time had mastered the language
sufficiently well to enable her to do house-to-house vis-
iting with the aid of a Bible woman.
After Miss Shaffner 's return. Miss Patterson boarded
with Dr. and Mrs. Kerr of the Presbyterian mission until
the arrival of Dr. Lovina Hal verson, who left San Fran-
cisco November 28, 1S91.
During the winter the two missionaries lived in a
native house, but the following May, they were in-
vited to occupy the furnished rooms in the Presbyterian
mission belonging to Dr. and Mrs. Kerr, who were leav-
ing on furlough. This invitation was accepted, and in
addition to increased comfort was an excellent oppor-
tunity for Dr. Halverson to make a special study of the
diseases common among the people, and also to assist
in the surgical work of the liospital.
Regina M. Bigler, M. D., a friend and medical part-
ner of Dr. Halverson's at Mitchell, South Dakota, sailed
from San Francisco November 16, 1892.
China 65
On October 10, 1893, Rev. and Mrs. E. E. Fix set 1393.
sail from San Francisco to join the forces already at
work. They were not permitted long however to labor
In their chosen field. In the summer of 1895 the illness
of Mrs. Fix necessitated their return to America.
In the spring of 1894 Miss Patterson, after five years 1394.
of service, returned to America on furlough.
This was a year of great hardship. Bubonic plague
was raging in Canton and many thousands of the Chinese
died. By posting malicious placards, it was easy for
vicious persons to inflame the anti-foreign populace
against the missionaries. The most absurd stories were
current of foreign doctors who administered drugs to
hasten death, and then used the eyes of the dead for
medical purposes. Such a state of feeling was aroused
that one day, while attempting to render aid to a man
apparentl}^ dying on the street, Dr. Halverson was at" Mrs^i*oSfri°es.
tacked by a mob of ruffians, and, but for the courage of
Captain Barton, a customs officer, she would undoubtedh-
have been killed. Dr. Bigler going in search of Dr.
Halverson encountered the same mob, sullen and angr\-
from their defeat, and was driven into a blind alley
from which escape seemed impossible, when she was
recognized by a Chinese Christian who took her into his
home.
Miss Patterson returning to China for her second i896.
term, sailed May 20, 1896. The following spring, Dr.
Halverson returned to America, after five and one-half
years of service.
Dr. H. K. Shumaker sailed from San Francisco
October 21, 1897. In addition to his medical work, he
superintended the building of a residence on Beth Eden
compound.
isg-;
66
The Woman's Missionary Association
Beth Eden
Compound
1908.
Mission
Residence
Built.
1899.
1900.
Boxer
Uprising.
Rev. and Mrs. E. B. Ward sailed December 18, 1897.
After long and careful investigation and many de-
lays, a site was obtained for a mission compound and a
deed secured February 25, 1898. This plot of land on
the very point of the island is about 200 feet long by
140 feet wide, and has the river on two sides. It is en-
closed by a wall eight feet high with two gates, one open-
ing to the street and the other to our own boat landing.
The compound was named Beth Eden — House of Pleas-
antness.
The building of a mission residence was authorized
by the Board of Managers at its annual meeting in May,
1897, and by January, 1899, the building was ready for
occupancy. Until this time the missionaries had lived
in native houses not far from Beth Eden. The house
completed is a two-story structure of gray brick, seventy-
five feet long and one room wide, with broad open Ver-
andas, thus securing excellent ventilation. There are
eight large rooms, four on each side of a central hall,
practically making a double house.
At the request of the missionaries on the field, Mrs.
Ruth McCown Thompson, M. D., was appointed October
25, 1898. As she was already in Canton she was notified
of her appointment and entered at once upon her work.
She returned to America in the fall of 1900.
Dr. Shumaker was appointed superintendent Jan-
uary 1, 1899.
In the spring of 1900, after seven years of service,
Dr,. Bigler returned to America on furlough.
Those were perilous days in China during the Boxer
uprising in 1900. The foreigner's residence in China
became very unsafe. The consuls urged all women and
men with families to seek protection at the coast ports,
Force.
China 67
and all of our missionaries except Dr. Shumaker went to
Hong Kong, which is a British port and is among the
most impregnable fortifications in the world. Dr. Shu-
maker, who remained in Canton at his own request, super-
intended the erection of the Girls' Boarding School.
Dr. Bigler, returning to China for her second term, MiSlnary
sailed April 17, 1901.
Dr. Shumaker and Miss Patterson were united in
marriage February 4, 1902.
, O. S. Townsend, M. D., sailed from San Francisco
March 11, 1902, and returned to America in the fall of
that same year.
In the early summer of 1902 Mr. and Mrs. Ward
returned to America on account of her illness.
Rev. and Mrs. C. E. Spore sailed from San Francisco
September 11, 1902.
Rev. and Mrs. E. I. Doty sailed from San Francisco
October 31, 1903.
' Dr. and Mrs. Shumaker returned to America in the
spring of 1904 after a full term of strenuous service.
When it became evident that Dr. Shumaker on account
of ill health could not return to China, Mr. Spore was
appointed superintendent.
Mr. and Mrs. Ward, returning for their second term,
sailed from Vancouver April 15, 1904, and as soon as
possible entered upon the work left by Dr. and Mrs.
Shumaker.
Rev. and Mrs. B. F. Bean, who had been appointed
to develop the work of the Foundling Home, accompanied
by Miss Belle Myers, who was to take charge of the Girls'
Boarding School, sailed from Seattle, September 20, 1905.
Frank Oldt, M. D., sailed from San Francisco Sept-
tember 27, 1905.
68
The Woman's Missionary Association
Miss Ora B. Maxwell sailed from Seattle September
2, 1906. Dr. Oldt met her in Tokyo, Japan, where they
were married September 18 by Dr. A. T. Howard.
Mr. and Mrs. Spore returned to America on fur-
lough in the early summer of 1906.
On January 18, 1907, the Trustees decided to dis-
continue the superintendency and appoint a general
secretary and a treasurer.
In 1907 our mission was greatly helped by the presr
ence of Bishop Mills, who visited all the stations and
the schools connected with the mission.
There had been many difficulties in the way of reg-
ular church organization. The Chinese had not only
to learn of Christ, but the converts had little conception
of church government, and during the eighteen years
since the beginning of our work in China the converts
had been gathered, instructed, baptized, and received
into the mission. In the closing months of 1907, five
churchesjwere organized, Kwai Chau, Hang Tan, Can-
ton, San Tong, and Siu Lam.
January 4 and 5, 1908, a mission conference was or-
ganized by Bishop Mills composed of all the missionaries
and eight Chinese workers. A course of study was out-
lined and plans made for the adaptation and translation
of needed parts of the Discipline into Chinese. Mr.
Doty, Mr. Bean, and Dr. Oldt were ordained. Rev. E.
B. Ward and Rev. E. I. Doty were elected presiding
elders.
Mr. and Mrs. Spore, returning to China for their
second term, sailed from Seattle August 15, 1908.
Mrs. Doty, because of ill health, returned to America
in the spring of 1908, Mr. Doty remaining on the field
until fall.
Beth Eden Mission Home, Canton
'^.^
A
___••♦« "-+liflmi1i '"t
iM
Physician's Residence and
Dispensary, Canton
Interior of Street Chapel
Siu Lam
China Mission Conference
Inited Brethren Sunday School, Canton
China
69
• o •«»
70
The Woman's Missionary Association
Dr. Bigler, after more than seven continuous years
of service, returned to America in the fall of 1908. After
nine months' furlough she again returned to the field
sailing from Seattle, August 17, 1909.
Evangelistic Work.
The beginning of the evangelistic work dates back
to 1891, when our first missionaries preached from their
own door to the assembled crowds on the streets. The
missionaries were then living in a native house on a busy
street. At the close of each day, from about four to
five o'clock, hundreds of women and girls passed their
door on their way home from the shops where they had
been beating raw silk or assorting tea leaves, and all that
was necessary to obtain an audience was to stand in the
door and talk.
On May 15, 1895, our first chapel in Canton was
formally dedicated. It is open for preaching, reading
or conversation every day except Saturday, while Bible
study and preaching services are held each Sunday,
and two prayer-meetings during the week, one for women
and one for men. Mr. Lau Seng Nam, who had formerly
preached for the Wesleyans, was ordained by our mis-
sionaries, February 28, 1898. He is a man of excellent
ability, fearless in his preaching and careful in judgment,
and has been the chief adviser of the missionaries and
Chinese workers through all the years.
In the spring of 1900, the dwelling that had been
used for a chapel and dispensary, and also the house
next to it were purchased and remodeled at a cost of
$1,329.19. This gives a corner property 41x55 feet for
the chapel and dispensary, but it is still inadequate for
the purpose.
China 71
In 1901, the Tsz Lai chapel was transferred by the street chapei.
Swedish missionaries to our mission to be used as a street
chapel. These chapels are always located on some busy
street. The work consists of daily preaching by the
missionary or the native pastor, with the exception
of Saturday and Sunday. The audience is constantly
changing. Many who come in are not interested, but
there are those who come quite regularly and often stay
for more definite instruction. There is but one organized
church in Canton, as the work of the street chapel is
supplementary. This organization was effected De-
cember 22, 1907, with a membership of 163.
The International lessons were used in connection Sunday Schools,
with the chapel services before the Sunday school was
organized. Because the chapel is not large enough
for the division into classes, pupils of the Boys' Day
School, about forty-five in number, study the lesson in
their own building; the Woman's Boarding School, only
a few feet from the chapel, accommodates two classes,
and the Foundling Home, near by, furnishes a place for
another class, while three classes meet in the chapel.
To gather so many children for definite Bible instruction
is an opportunity hard to overestimate.
Educational Work.
In February, 1890, about three months after her Girls'
Ti/r-A -T-. ^^y Schools.
arrival in Canton, Miss Austia Patterson opened a day
school for girls; the following June a second school was
started and in March, 1895, a third, all in Canton.
In the beginning, the Chinese method of study,
largely that of memorizing, was followed as closely as
possible so as not to arouse opposition. Within recent
years a couree of study has been introduced, which, while
12 The Woman's Missionary Associatioti
not exactly similar, very nearly corresponds to the first
five years' work in the American schools. The Bible is
used as a text-book and many of the pupils have com-
mitted the Gospels, and some can repeat nearly the whole
New Testament.
The chief end of the day schools is not educational
work alone but evangelistic. The schools are taught by
native Christian women and are under the supervision
of the missionaries, who visit them once a week and re-
view the work. After the review there is a gospel lesson,
then perhaps a lesson in singing. The mothers and
neighbor women come to hear the lesson, the music, and
the gospel story until often there is not standing room.
Many of these women would not go to the services at
the chapel. After the work at the school is finished, the
missionary, accompanied by the teacher or Bible woman,
is often invited into the homes of the pupils where she
again has the opportunity to tell the new old story to
the women who gather about her. A good proportion of
our conversions in Canton can be traced to the influence
of these schools. A definite step toward self-support was
taken when the mission began to charge admission to the
day schools. This, it was feared, would lessen the num-
ber of pupils, but the result has been quite the reverse,
and increased interest and appreciation are manifested.
The day school for boys is carried on along the same
lines as those for girls. The school has always been in
charge of a native worker — one of the Chinese pastors
usually is given the work, a missionary always having
general supervision. The course of study may vary
somewhat from that now adopted by the girls' day
school, but is gradually being developed so that pupils
may be prepared for schools of a higher standard.
China 73
It was during the perilous days of 1900 that Dr. Elizabeth
Shumaker superintended the erection of the Girls' Board- sJJIIinYry/ ^^
ing School. This is a two-story building of gray brick
occupying the southeast corner of Beth Eden compound.
It is so built as to enclose a small court on three sides
and, including the court, covers a rectangular area 50x60
feet. The second story is used as a dormitory, while on
the ground floor are recitation-rooms and a dining-room'.
Sit Meng Cook, a wealthy Chinese merchant, gave $.500
toward the erection of the school as a memorial to his
daughter who had died a few months before. The little
girl's picture hangs in one of the recitation-rooms which
is known as Sit Meng Ku Memorial Hall. The building
cost $1,275.56.
The school was opened March 12, 1901, with an en-
rollment of seven. There are now fifty pupils, and many
applicants are refused admittance because the building
will accommodate no more. A course of study covering
eight years has been adopted and is a fair equivalent to
the first eight years of the schools of our own country.
Bible study is a regular feature of the work. In addition
to their school work the girls are taught practical house-
keeping, vocal and instrumental music, and have had
some lessons in sewing and in the care of the sick.
Two girls completed the course of study and were
graduated, both with good records as students, in 1908.
The year following two more were graduated. Three
of these are now employed as teachers in our schools.
Both Senior and Junior Christian Endeavor socie-
ties were organized in 1908 and early in 1909 a Y. W. C.
A., the first in South China. About the pupils are
thrown the very best of Christian influences and many are
led to a life decision for the Master.
74 The Woman's Missionary Association
Because of Mrs. L. K. Miller's long and intimate
connection with the work of the Association as its leader,
and her deep interest in girls and young women, the
Board of Managers at its meeting held at Akron, Ohio,
in May, 1909, voted to name the boarding-school, "The
Elizabeth Kumler Miller Seminary for Girls."
Women's As the work progressed the call for Bible women
Scho"oT^ became more and more urgent. To meet this need, a
Bible class for the training of women was started. For
a while this class was conducted in the Girls' Boarding
School and with no regular teacher. As the demand
for this kind of work grew, a regular teacher was em-
ployed and a house rented for the school. The attend-
ance has never been large but quite as large as could be
cared for with the limited equipment. The course of
study is necessarily simple, inasmuch as the pupils are
women who have never been taught; but as they
laboriously work their way through the gospel story, new
light is sure to come, and sometimes there comes also
real desire to know Christ better. This school has
proved its right to exist by producing workers in whom
has been awakened a desire to carry the news to others.
Medical Work.
The dispensary was opened in 1893 and carried on
in a small way until 1895, when a room 13x8 feet, back
of the chapel was fitted up for the free dispensary. It
had one small window, seven feet from the floor and but
one door. In this small room nearly 70,000 patients
were treated in the next five years; then this property
and that adjoining were purchased and remodeled to
more nearly meet the need. Monday and Friday of
each week are dispensing days. People are admitted
__^,.Mmm
Elizabeth K. Miller Seminary for Girls,
Canton
First Graduates from the
Seminary
Students in Miller Seminary
Mission Chapel, Lak Lau
Girls' Day School, Canton
Foundlings at Breakfast, Foundling Home, Canton
Built.
China 75
to the waiting-room until noon and receive numbered
tickets which give them admission to the dispensing
room. Very often the number of patients is so great
that the work of the doctors is not finished until late in
the afternoon. While the patients are being treated
the gospel story is told to the crowds in the waiting-room
by a Bible woman or the Chinese pastor.
A physician's residence on Beth Eden compound Resfdenc"'*
with office, drug-room, storeroom, waiting-room and two
or three rooms for wards, was finished in July, 1906, at
a cost of $3,300. Although quite a large number of
patients are treated here, it is well understood that those
seen here must pay a fee, so the number is somewhat
limited. The work has grown from 1,188 cases treated
the first year to 19,468 in 1908.
The Foundling Home.
In 1901, $2,000 was raised through the Woman's
Day offering for the beginning of a foundling home.
The missionaries had told us of the great opportunity
to rescue little baby girls.
Mr. and Mrs. Bean went to Canton in the fall of
1905 to take charge of this work. A house was rented
near the dispensary and the foundling home was started
in April, 1907. Great care has to be exercised in admitting
children into this home. The difficulty is to keep the
number down rather than to obtain suitable inmates.
The Woman's Day offering, 1908, furnished almost
$6,000 for this work, and in the spring of 1909 a little
more than a half acre (English) was secured for the per-
manent location of the home, while a good building
site not far removed was secured for the residence of the
missionaries in charge. Both the home and the resi-
76 Tlie Woman's Missionary Association
dence are now being built. The home when finished
will accommodate forty or fifty children.
Country Evangelistic Work.
San Tong. Country evangelistic work began with the opening
of San Tong, a city thirty miles east of Canton with a
population of 10,000 men. The work here has always
been cared for in connection with the Canton evangelistic
work.
Early in 1897, two men came to the missionaries
and asked that a preacher be sent to them. Mr. Ng,
with thirteen years' experience, went to San Tong, rented
a house, and gave his entire time to selling and teaching
the Scriptures. A house was leased for chapel purposes,
and the services were well attended.
The work was somewhat hindered by the burning
of the chapel in October, 1903. The chapel was rebuilt
the following year.
December 22, 1907, a church was organized with a
membership of sixty-six.
Siu Lam District.
siu Lam. Siu Lam with its twin city,Tai Lam, is between fifty
and sixty miles south of Canton. Its population is
estimated at 400,000. Early in the year 1899 one of the
Chinese pastors succeeded in renting a reading-room.
In the beginning there was a great deal of opposition,
and in April, 1900, when Mr. Ward went to Siu Lam to
dedicate the chapel he was attacked by a mob and driven
out. Two or three months later the Chinese pastor
left for Hong Kong for safety (it was the Boxer year)
and Siu Lam seemed shut. But by degrees these workers
got back to their places and gradually the prejudice
China 77
of the people was overcome. In the spring of 1907 the
chapel was dedicated. Not fewer than 500 gathered in
and about the chapel for the service, and more than a
hundred were turned away for lack of room.
In 1901 a site was obtained for a mission home on a oiivet Home.
quiet residence street in the heart of the city. The lot
is about 60x90 feet surrounded by the usual high brick
wall. The house is of gray brick, two stories high with
a veranda on the south and west. The cost of the
ground and the house was $1,500.
Mr. and Mrs. Ward moved to Siu Lam early in 1905.
The same year a corner lot two or three minutes' walk
from Olivet, was secured for $600. The house after
being remodeled was used for church and school pur-
poses and also as a residence for the Chinese pastor,
A day school for girls was opened in 1903.
A Christian Endeavor society was organized early
in 1906 which meets weekly for Bible study, testimony
and prayer.
A church was organized December 25, 1907, with a
membership of fifty-one.
One of the prominent features of our work at Siu the^'^Woi^n"^
Lam is that done for the women. Hundreds of women
visit Olivet mission home each year. Any woman is
welcome to come, have a cup of tea, and hear
the message. In the first quarter of 1909 Mrs. Ward
received 1850 calls from Chinese women. Then, too.
she has many invitations to the homes. Sometimes
there will be but a few women; at other times the house
will be so crowded that the doors have to be locked to
keep others from crowding in. One day when she re-
turned from calling she found that forty-five women had
come in during her absence.
78 The Woman's Missionary Association
Kwai Chau. Kwai Cliau, five miles from Sheung Ti, has a popula-
tion of about 70,000 men. Early in 1903 work was be-
gun here by the opening of a reading-room. A building
was leased for five years, which was purchased by the
mission a year later. Bible study classes are held each
evening and regular services on Sunday. The first
church in our mission was organized here October 13,
1907, with thirty members.
Lak Lau District.
Lak Lau. In the fall of 1904 a house was secured on a ten
year lease to be used as a reading-room with permission
to turn it into a chapel later on. Lak Lau is a large
city with excellent opportunities but strong opposition.
Our missionaries say that on account of its splendid
boat service, this is a strategic point, and that it should
soon be made a station in charge of American mission-
aries.
Hang Tan. Hang Tan is a market town with a population of
10,000. Work was opened in November, 1902. The
better class of the people are friendly and there is a good
attendance at the preaching services. A church was
organized December 19, 1907, with a membership of
thirty-four.
Sheung Ti. Shcung Ti with a population of 5,000 is in the heart
of a county known as the most hostile in the province
to foreigners and to Christianity. Work was opened
here in 1902. The pastor's house was leased to the
mission as the only means of getting a foothold. It
was purchased by the mission in the summer of 1905.
A day school was opened in the same year, which is
well attended. In addition to the Bible study and preach-
ing services on Sunday, Bible classes are held each even-
China 79
ing when practicable. There is no church organization,
the members from this place joining the church at Hang
Tan, which is about three miles distant.
To carry on the work in China we had in the spring Summary.
of 1909, twelve American missionaries, ten Chinese
pastors, and thirteen Bible w^omen. At the conference
that year there were reported five organized churches,
eight regular preaching places, 427 communicant mem-
bers, 854 adherents, two Sunday schools with an en-
rollment of 375, six day schools and two boarding schools
with a combined enrollment of 330, three Junior and
Senior Christian Endeavor societies, one dispensary in
which 19,468 cases were treated during 1908. The
total value of property was $55,300.00.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
iguo.
1901.
First
Missionaries.
Evangelical
Union.
At the meeting of the Board of Managers held in
May, 1900, in first Church, Dayton, Ohio, it seemed
fitting, as a memt^rial of our Silver Anniversary, to open
work in a new field, and the Board adopted a recommen-
dation to establish a new mission either in Porto Rico,
the Philippine Islands, or Japan, leaving the matter to
the Trustees for careful investigation and final decision.
Much time was given to consideration and prayer, and
the decision reached November 19 was unanimous in
favor of the Philippines.
A call was made for workers with immediate re-
sponse. Rev. Edwin S. Eby, Elkhart, Indiana, and
Rev. Sanford B. Kurtz, Hygiene, Colorado, were appoint-
ed. They sailed from San Francisco, February 19, 1901.
Shortly after their arrival, a conference of repre-
sentatives of all the evangelical denominations working
in the Philippines was held in Manila for the purpose
of reaching some understanding as to territory, and to
agree upon some general policy of work. An organiza-
tion was effected to be known as the Evangelical Union
of the Philippines. They agreed upon a tentative di-
vision of the islands, making each mission responsible
for the evangelization of the people within its territory.
To our Church were given three provinces in the north-
western part of the island of Luzon — I locos North, I locos
South and La Union, having a population of 450,000 all
speaking the Ilocano language.
80
Philippine Islands 81
Early in May, 1901, our missionaries took up tem-
porary headquarters in Vlgan, Ilocos South, about two
hundred miles north of Manila. A house was rented
and they began the study of Spanish. Tracts and por-
tions of the Scriptures were distributed among the
people; trips were made into different parts of our ter-
ritory in company with the representative of the Ameri-
can Bible Society; gospel meetings were conducted for
the soldiers stationed at Vigan. Everywhere they met
the opposition of Catholicism.
Rev. and Mrs. L. O. Burtner sailed from San Fran-
cisco, September 27, 1901. Upon their arrival in Manila
in November, they went at once to Vigan, spending
about two months in investigating our territory, re-
turning to Manila for the meeting of the Evangelical
Union held January 8-12, 1902. At this meeting the 1902.
provinces of Abra, Bontoc and Lapanto were added to
our mission with the privilege of working in Manila,
and the province of Benguet.
Mr. and Mrs. Burtner located in Manila, organized
a Bible class, and conducted evangelistic services among
the prisoners. Because of sickness, they were compelled
to leave the field, sailing from Manila January 16, 1904.
On account of unsettled conditions Mr. Kurtz re-
signed from our mission April 1, 1902, to accept a posi-
tion with the army Y. M. C. A. in Manila. September 1,
1902, Mr. Eby began work in the same Association, but
did not resign from our mission until November 4, 1904.
Rev. and Mrs. H. W. Widdoes were appointed to
the Philippines at the Board meeting of 1903. They
sailed from San Francisco, September 19, 1903. Some
time was spent in language study and in looking over
the ground in Manila.
1903.
82 Tlie Woman's Missionary Association
The force of missionaries was too small to occupy
the territory allotted and the Methodists asked the
Evangelical Union at its meeting January 7-9, 1904, to
be allowed to enter any territory not occupied by our
Mission and agreed to respect any territory which
we would occup3% both having equal rights in the
great Cagayan Valie}^ The Trustees decided to try
to occupy La Union and Ilocos South.
Mr. "VViddoes, preparatory to moving into the pro-
vince, decided to go first and secure a good location.
He went by rail to Dagupan, and while waiting there
for a steamer to take him to San Fernando, went with
a colporteur to a neighboring fishing village, where he
found a ready reception, and the people glad to buy
portions of the Scripture. In the village Mr. Widdoes
found a boy of fifteen who could read. He gave him
the Gospel by John in his own dialect, and turning to
John 3:16, asked him to read it. He did so and immedi-
ately ran into the house to get money to buy the
book.
Story of Gospel There is an interesting history connected with the
early translation of these Gospels which the missionaries
were distributing. During Spanish times, a friar sta-
tioned in this province in some way came into possession
of a Bible which he studied, and was converted. He
then secretly began to translate the Gospels into the
native dialect. He was discovered before he had finished
the work and had to leave the islands ; he went to Spain
and completed the translation of the Gospels and the
'Acts. He then returned to the province and began the
distribution of these, but was poisoned soon after by
the other friars, and the good work stopped. As soon
as the American occupation made it possible for the
Translation.
Philippine Islands 83
Bible Societies to work here, they began distributing
these Gospels which had cost the translator his life.
After waiting several days and no boat appearing,
Mr. Widdoes, through the efforts of a native Christian,
finally hired an ox-cart, and started overland for San
Fernando, making the journey of fifty miles in twenty-
three hours. This gave him an opportunity to see the
country in which we were to work.
San Fernando, the capital of Union Province and an Headquarters
important center, was decided upon as a strategic point ®^*<^**^-
for headquarters. A house was rented and Mr. Widdoes
moved his family there February 11, 1904, and at once 1904.
began a vigorous campaign. They were fairly besieged
with visitors, most of them young men, asking questions
about the Bible. Men came in from the neighboring
towns to secure tracts and to buy Bibles. A Bible class
and a Sunday school were formed, the high-school pupils,
with their knowledge of English, giving him much as-
sistance.
It was urged by some of our workers at home that Discontinuance
the Association discontinue the work in the Philippines conSdered
and concentrate on Africa and China. This question
had a full discussion at the meeting of the Board of Man-
agers, held in Altoona, Pennsylvania, in May, 1904. The
decision of the matter was finally left to the Trustees in
consultation with the Bishops. The advice of the latter
was secured at once and heeded. The Trustees gave
much time and thought to the consideration of the ques-
tion. July 1 was set apart for prayer and on that day a
special meeting was held with Mrs. Rike and Mrs. Marot
present as advisory. The matter was finally decided July
8, the vote being nearly unanimous in favor of continu-
ing the work.
^
Tlie W'uiiian's Missionary Association
fc^-^ -fiMSV.. •»• n tNu,cl>„
Philippine Islands 85
Rev. and Mrs. Marion W. Mumma sailed from Missionary
San Francisco October 13, 1904. They arrived in San increased.
Fernando just in time to take up a very important work
among the native teachers of the province. The normal
school began a month's session November 28, which all
the native teachers, and those preparing to be teachers,
were required to attend. On the opening day of the
normal school session, a daily class in Bible study was
organized. These meetings were not very well attended
at first, but increased both in numbers and interest. Many
of those in attendance learned the names of the books
of the New Testament, verses of Scripture, the Lord's
prayer and the commandments. This was especially
remarkable when we remember that many had never
had a Bible in their hands before the meetings began.
A number of the students were converted.
Since the force of missionaries was soon to be in- Province
creased the province was districted — each missionary
and his wife were given a number of towns and outlying
barrios. During several months of the year they gave
special training to the Filipino workers in their district.
Mr. Widdoes moved to Agoo in November, 1905, and
had charge of the southern district. The basement of
their house was fitted up for meetings and Bible classes.
Mr. Mumma remained in San Fernando and had charge
of the central district.
Rev. and Mrs. E. J. Pace sailed from Seattle, Wash- 1905.
ington, November 5, 1905. Shortly after their arrival
Mr. Pace in company with the other missionaries and
some of the boys from the training school made a number
of visits to the towns in the northern district, preaching
in the markets and in the homes of friends, selling Gos-
pels and Testaments, and distributing tracts. The^e
86
The Woman's Missionary Association
trips were attended with considerable interest on the
part of the people and laid the foundation of our work
in this part of the province. Mr. and Mrs. Pace moved
to Balaoan, the headquarters of the North District.
Dr. and Mrs. B. M. Piatt sailed January 4, 1906.
With the help of an interpreter, a dispensary was opened
in San Fernando. During the last few months of his
stay on the field, in addition to his dispensary work, he
made regular visits to the stations where our mission-
aries were located. Through his ministrations prejudice
was removed and many places were opened to the gospel.
Not being willing to take the examination required by
the government, in order that he could charge a fee for
his services, he resigned from the work, June 12, 1907.
Rev. and Mrs. A. B. DeRoos sailed July 19, 1906.
Mr. DeRoos served as pastor of our church at San Fer-
nando and did special evangelistic work. He held
market meetings and distributed tracts among the
Spanish-speaking people among whom his influence is
still felt. He resigned October 19, 1907.
Rev. S. B. Kurtz, one of our first missionaries to
the Philippines, was married to Miss Lily M. Stanley at
Shoals, Indiana, September 12, 1906. They sailed from
Vancouver, B. C, December 5. On arriving in the
Philippines Mr. Kurtz took charge of the southern dis-
trict, with headquarters at Agoo. Mr. Widdoes moved
to Baoang to more fully develop the work there.
During the year more than a hundred converts were
baptized. Several trips were made to the Igorrotes of the
province and the sub-province adjoining.
In 1907 the territory was increased by the addition
of the sub-province of Amburayan which lies to the east
and north of Union Province. Our mission had been
Philippine Islands 87
working in the southern part of this province. That the
United Brethren might have full control of Amburayan,
the Methodists, who had been working at Tagiidin, the
capital of the province, turned over their work and a
congregation of thirty members. This added a popula-
tion of 25,000 to our mission, about 10,000 of whom are
Ilocanos; the remainder are Igorrotes, a few of whom
have been received into the Catholic church; the others
v^ary from those who have been affected by the higher
civilization of the Ilocanos, to the rude tribes of the in-
terior mountains. Four new congregations were or-
ganized among these Igorrotes during 190S. In Benguet
province there are about 10,000 more Igorrotes whose con-
dition is about the same as the people of Amburayan,
and who are best reached from Union Province. We
are responsible therefore for about 175,000 people, since
this territory has been turned over to us, no other de-
nomination having work in these provinces.
Early in 190S our missionaries were helped b}' a i908.
visit from Bishop J. S. Mills. All the churches and the visit,
principal' towns were visited and everywhere he was re-
ceived most cordially.
At the time of the Bishop's visit there were twelve Conference
organized churches, with about 500 members. The
Philippine Conference was organized February 14,
1908, with nine members, the four missionaries, and
five native pastors — Juan Abellera, Eleno Ignacio,
Justo Viloria, Timoteo Fontanilla, and Carlos Maglaya.
These five native workers were granted license as annual
conference preachers and Juan Abellera was ordained
as an elder. The conference was divided into four
quarterly conference districts and Rev. H. W. Widdoes
was elected presiding elder. A course of study was ar-
88 The Woman's Missionary x\ssociation
ranged and some formulas of worship adopted. The
ordination of Mr. Abellera has proven to be an event
of special moment in the history of the mission, for it
was the fulfillment of the promises of the missionaries
that the church was to be for the Filipinos, of the Fili-
pinos, and by the Filipinos as rapidly as they were pre-
pared to take up the burden of its direction and support.
Church Erection t>, ^.,. . i i. i_ j a_i- •
Society 1 he i^ ilipmo churches nave assumed their current
rganize . cxpenscs and have contributed more or less generously
toward the erection of their own chapels, but in order
to promote a spirit of helpfulness to others, a Church
Erection Society was organized at the annual conference
in 1909. A constitution and by-laws were framed and
officers elected. The Board of Directors consists of five
laymen and two native pastors, (the missionaries serv-
ing ex-officio,) who have power to receive funds and ex-
tend loans to the churches needing and desiring help.
Each pastor is expected to take up one collection every
quarter in each church on his charge, and when a sufficient
sum is realized it is to be loaned to some congregation to
assist them in building a chapel. This has been pre-
sented as a privilege and an opportunity for our mem-
bers to show their loyalty to the gospel and their love
for Christ.
After the departure of Dr. Piatt, the people con-
tinued to come to the missionaries for medical aid. Dur-
ing the cholera epidemic in the summer of 1908, the
missionaries could not do aggressive evangelistic work,
and gave themselves to the work of relieving the needs of
the people, treating some 2,000 cases, many of them
being cholera patients.
Mr. Mumma had been asked by the American
Bible Society to read the proof of the Ilocano Old Testa-
Philippine Islands 89
ment which was being published in Japan, and, since Mrs.
Mumma had not been well for some time, it was hoped
that a trip to Japan would be of benefit to her. They
went in August, but after about six weeks' stay she was
ordered home by the physician, arriving in the United
States October 29, 1908. Mr. Mumma remained in
Japan until January, 1909, when he returned to the i9Sf.
Philippines for the annual conference. He again went
to Japan in April to finish reading the proof — then came
home for his furlough, arriving in the United States
May 26.
The second annual conference met at Cava, Febru-
ary 9, 1909. Mr. and Mrs. Widdoes were leaving for
America in the spring on furlough, and it was decided
that Mr. Kurtz and Mr. Pace and their families should
move to San Fernando and direct the work from there.
The work was divided into two districts; Rev. S. B.
Kurtz was elected presiding elder of the southern dis-
trict and Rev. E. J. Pace of the northern. Filipino
pastors were placed in charge of the work at the various
stations.
The first successful Sunday school was organized at First Sunday
San Juan in 1906, under the personal direction of Mr. organized,
and Mrs. Mumma. Near the close of 1907 more exten-
sive plans were made and Sunday-school literature pre-
pared. The work developed rapidly and there are now
Sunday schools in all the churches but two. Junior
and Senior Christian Endeavor societies are also a part
of the organized work.
The missionary's wife conducts Bible classes for
the women and children, makes house-to-house visits,
cares for the sick, and teaches the Filipino mother how
to care for her children. Young women are taken into
90
The Woman's Missionary Association
Old Testament
Translated
and Published.
the homes of the missionaries, where they are taught to
cook and to sew, and are given daily Bible instruction.
From the beginning the missionaries have tried
to emphasize the individual responsibility of converts
to extend the Kingdom. iVs a result of the emphasis
laid upon this phase of Christian living, there are now a
number of volunteer workers who conduct, regularly,
services in their own homes or in the usual meeting places,
without receiving any remuneration. These workers
are encouraged by being permitted to sell the Scriptures
and tracts on the percentage plan, and when they attend
the Bible Institute a small allowance is given them to
aid in the purchase of food, while the pastors receiving
a regular salary are not allowed any percentage on sales
and must support themselves entirely during the In-
stitute. This volunteer phase has been one of the secrets
of the rapid growth of the work in this mission.
The Filipinos are fond of music and enjoy singing
gospel songs. From time to time English hymns have
been translated by missionaries and Filipino workers
into the Ilocano. In February, 1908, a word edition of
an Ilocano Hymnal with 181 hymns was published
jointly by the Methodist Episcopal, Christian, and United
Brethren Missions and is the one hymnal now in use all
over the Ilocano territory. An edition with the music
h now being printed in Tokyo, Japan, and will probably
be ready for use by the summ.er of 1910.
When the missionaries first arrived on the field they
found that the Bible Societies had the New Testament
published in the Ilocano. For several years the mis-
sionaries of the Methodist Episcopal, Christian, and Unit-
ed Brethren Missions working among the Ilocano people
have been busy directing the translation of the Old
Philippine Islands 91
Testament. This work has been under the supervision
of the American Bible Society, whose agent chose Mr.
Mumma to read and correct the manuscript and super-
vise the printing in Japan. In August, 1909, the com-
pleted Old Testament in Ilocano, was first offered for
sale. The people, as a rule, receive the Scriptures with
?:reat joy, and for several years previous to the appearance
of the Old Testament, had made frequent inquiries con-
cerning it. It is not unusual to hear testimonies like the
following: "It is not the work of the Americano that has
made me accept the new religion, but the reading of the
Book!" "I am not following the religion of the Ameri-
cano, but the teaching of Jesus Christ as written in the
Sacred Word." The New Testament sells in paper back
for 10 cents, in cloth covered board for 20 cents; the
Old Testament also sells for 20 cents.
In September, 1905, our mission began the pul)- Weekly p^
lication of the ''Dagiti Naimbag a Damag" (Good News),
probably the first weekly paper in Ilocano. Many of
the people could read but they had practically no litera-
ture and no newspapers or books. This four page week-
ly furnishes such world news as will interest the average
reader among the people, editorial items relating to
the progress of the work in the field, serial articles upon
such subjects as the reformation, important doctrines,
etc. An instructive and practical exposition of the Sun-
day-school lesson is given, which is used with good effect
by Sunday schools of other missions. A part of the
paper is given each week to lessons for the Junior socie-
cties. These several departments of the paper have their
permanent place upon the pages, with nicely designed
headings, and the people look with eagerness for what
is of special help and interest to them. The subscription
Published.
92
The Woman's Missionary Association
Prl«ti«g Press
Installed.
First Message
from the Press.
price is twenty-five cents per year, and while the amount
received has not been sufficient to pay the cost of printing,
it has been a paying investment, as the testimonies of
the many who have been reached by it, are proof. In
less than five years the subscription list is over 1,000, and
it is sent into fourteen difi^erent provinces. It not only
goes into the homes of the subscribers but is often read
by several families jointly, those not knowing how to
read, gathering about one who reads aloud to them. It
has also been the policy of the mission to print thousands
of copies of special articles in tract form for free distri-
bution.
A printing-press with outfit was sent to the field
in the fall of 1908. It arrived in San Fernando in Feb-
ruary, 1909, and has been put into operation on the lower
floor of the mission house, and so far has more than ful-
filled the expectations of the missionaries in the increased
efficiency of this very important part of mission work,
and also in the greatly reduced expense. Previous to
this time the paper had been published by the Methodist
Publishing House in Manila. The first work of the
press was the following message to the Trustees:
"To the Board of Trustees of the W. M. A., Dayton, O. :
''Your missionaries in the Philippines think fitting
that the first imprint upon the new mission-press should
be a message of greeting to you. Accordingly we hereby
extend to you and all the donors to the press our greet-
ings and sincere thanks for the handsome equipment
that is now ours to help propagate the Gospel in these
islands. We are more than satisfied with w^hat you have
sent us, and we hereby dedicate it to the glory of God
and the enlightenment of these people, praying Him
that the le-aves that go forth from its forms may indeed
Philippine Islands 93
b<^ leaves of healing to the sin-sick and wretched people
among whom we labor. We believe that this is a step
in advance, and the expense involved is more than justi-
fied by the greatly increased efficiency that will result
to our work.
"We are sincerely yours for service,
Sanford B. Kurtz,
Marion W. Mum.ma,
Ernest J. Pace.
"San Fernando, La Union, P. I.
"March 20, 1909."
The new printing plant, during the first four months
of its operation turned out nearly 200,000 pages of printed
matter.
In the beginning all instruction was given to the
workers by private lessons and weekly Bible classes.
The first Bible Institute was held in May, 1905, when First Bible
seventeen young men, most of whom understood Eng-
lish fairly well, gathered in San Fernando for a month's
instruction in the Bible, Church History, and Doctrine.
In October of the same year occurred the first of a series
of seven workers' conferences for the study of the Scrip-
tures and methods of work. They were held every
three months, and lasted from four days to a week.
Nine were present at the first conference, while the later
ones had an average attendance of fifty.
In October and November, 1907, a second Bible In-
stitute was held in San Fernando for a term of six weeks,
and it was agreed to make the institute plan a permanent
feature of the work. Instruction is given entirely in
llocano, and the work is now graded and co-ordinated
with the Preacher's Reading Courses as prescribed in
Institute.
94 Ihe Woman's Alissionary Association
the Discipline, changed to meet the needs and conditions
of the field.
Baeuio. About twenty miles back in the mountains from San
Fernando lies the city of Baguio, the capital of Benguet
Province and the summer capital for the Islands. Dur-
ing the hottest season of the year, the higher government
officials remove to this place to conduct their business.
From time to time since the beginning of our work in
the islands, our missionaries have gone to Baguio, w^hich
is 5,000 feet above the sea level, for rest and have found
the cool, pine scented air very refreshing. A lot, cen-
trally located and amidst beautiful mountain scenery, has
been purchased by the mission for $125. It is the pur-
pose to erect a comfortable rest home here, as soon as
funds are available.
Railroad. , The railroad from Manila is gradually being extend-
ed northward. In July, 1909, trains were running to
Aringay, sixteen miles south of San Fernando and will
probably reach San Fernando in the summer of 1910.
The coming of the railroad makes possible a daily, in-
stead of a weekly mail.
In the beginning of our work the cemetery at Cava
was the only one in the province that was not controlled
by the Roman Church. The right of burial was denied
to our members by the priests, and none but the most
courageous would leave the Roman Church and join
us when they knew that they would be humiliated and
persecuted, and in the end denied a place of burial. As
the health department prohibited burial elsewhere than
in a legally established cemetery, one and a half acres of
ground were purchased in San Fernando in 1907 for this
purpose. The missionaries have since succeeded in
Philippine Islands 95
having the municipal authorities estabhsh cemeteries
In the other towns.
San Fernando, the headquarters of our mission and san Fernando,
the capital of the province, is centrally located. Here are
the high and the trade schools, and the pupils who come
from all parts of the province know English quite well.
On account of high rents and unsatisfactory houses, Mission
plans were made to build a mission residence. A fine lulit.^"'^*
lot was secured in May, 1904, at a cost of $250 and the
mission house was completed b)^ the close of the year
at a cost of $1,078.50. December 24, 1904, a church was or^lnf^^T^
organized with five members. The chapel in the lower
story of the mission house was dedicated on December 25.
San Fernando is a difficult place in which to work,
and progress has been slow. Many of the congregation
are students from other parts of the province, but some
of the best people of the town are members of the church.
That confidence might be inspired and strength and
stability given to the work, about $5,000 was raised for
the building of a substantial church. After some diffi-
culty and delay, a lot was purchased in the fall of 1908, securid.^°*
containing five-sevenths of an acre with a frontage of 12()
feet, at a cost of $750. It is on the main highway that
leads from Manila to the north end of the island. It
Is one block from the public plaza and 100 feet from the
mission residence. The church is now in process of
erection. The bamboo building which was on the lot
was torn down and rebuilt in the rear, and will be used
as a dormitory for girls.
Through the efforts of the postmaster at San Fer-
nando an invitation was secured in 1904 to visit Cava,
a town of 4,000, thirteen miles south of San Fernando.
The agent of the Bible society had sold many Bibles
Cava.
96 Tlie Woman's Alissionary Association
there, and the people manifested much interest. Here
on Easter Sunday, April 3, 1904, the first church in
Union Province was organized with eighteen members.
A lot was purchased for a chapel at a cost of $82.50.
Regular trips were made to Cava, but as all the work
had to be conducted through such interpreters as could
be found, little progress was made. Persecutions fol-
lowed but most of the little band remained faithful.
While the organization itself did not increase rapidly
in numbers, its influence was far-reaching. Members
of the church carried the news to many different towns,
and four of our present force of Filipino pastors have
come from this church. A chapel was built and dedi-
cated in May, 1906. The mission appropriated $50,
the people furnishing material and labor. A Sunday
school was also organized during this year. Over one
hundred members were received into the church during
1908. Early in 1909, Mrs. Abellera organized a Junior
Society, the first to be organized and conducted by a
Filipino. It has a large membership and is doing excel-
lent work.
jua«. In January, 1905, work wa5 begun in the barrios of
San Juan. (A barrio is one of the many villages which
with the principal town compose the municipality.)
> February 18, the first converts at Cacafian were baptized,
and on February 25, a church was organized. The mem-
bers chose a committee from among their number to
superintend the erecting of a chapel. By June 1, the
membership in this church had increased to an even
hundred. In conducting this work, high school stu-
dents who had become members of the San Fernando
church voluntarily accompanied Mr. Mumma, acting as
helpers and interpreters.
Philippine Islands 97
Through the influence of the "presidente" an upper first Chapoi
room was secured in the central town and on July 8 ser- ^®*^*<^****^-
vices were begun. The "presidente" became an attend-
ant and many who at first had been enemies afterwards
came regularly to the services. One of the principal
men of the town was converted, joined the church, and
as a result of his active work several families were added
to the seeker's class and the interest grew until the room
was crowded to overflowing. February 25, 1907, the
first chapel in the central town was dedicated. The
chapel is 30x40 feet, is built of bamboo with a strong
frame, 'furnished with a good pulpit, has a seating capac-
ity of about 200, and cost $225. Since they have their
chapel there has been a marked increase in interest and
attendance. The members contributed liberally toward
the erection of the chapel, the mission appropriating only
SIOO. This chapel was destroyed by typhoon in 1908
and plans have been made for its rebuilding.
In response to many urgent invitations the mountain Tubao.
town of Tubao was visited in December, 1904, and again
in January, 1905. Some interest had already been awak-
ened. In April, 1905, a church was organized with seven
members. A regular storm of persecution followed, but
these seven stood firm, though no new members were
gained during the year.
In 1907 the people, while but few in number, deter-
mined to build a chapel. The members gave all the
materials and most of the work, the mission appropriat-
ing $17.50. The chapel, which will seat 100, was com-
pleted in fifteen days, and was dedicated. The congre-
gation has developed • self-reliance and maintained its
own services with local preachers.
98 The Woman's Missionary Association
Work Spreads Mr. WidcloGs and Mr. Kurtz, on one of their visits
to igorrotes. ^^ ^^^ Igorotcs, foiuid that a little chapel had been built
at Ambangonam which they dedicated. Originally
this watf a part of the Tubao church but they have devel-
oped their own local leaders and are now carrying on
their ow^n work. The president of the barrio also wanted
ground consecrated for a cemetery, which was an advance
step for the Igorotes, as they have been accustomed to
bury their dead under their houses.
Ba»ang. Baoaug was visited by the missionaries in 1905, and
in spite of persecution an organization of nineteen pro-
bationary members was effected bv the close of the year.
Very little progress was made until 1907, when Mr. Wid-
does moved there and work was begun in the central
town. Through Bible classes a number have been con-
verted and brought into the church and the membership
almost doubled in 190S.
Work was begun in Bangar in 1905 and the mission-
Bangar. arics wcrc heartily received. While it is a notoriously-
wicked town m-any people have become interested in
the gospel. A church was organized April, 1906.
Meetings were held in the home of Silvano Vergara, the
leading member and most outspoken supporter. He is
more than fifty years of age and has considerable in-
fluence in his part of the country. He walked the twenty-
five miles from Bangar to San Fernando in one night,
to be on time for the first meeting of one of the workers'
conferences. He thoroughly enjoyed the meetings, and
seemed to appreciate most of all the lessons on Bible
doctrine. At one of these meetings he said that some
years ago he had gotten hold of a pamphlet in which
reference to the Bible was made, stating that in it was
revealed the way of God. He at once prayed to God
Philippine Islands 99
that some day he might see a Bible, or, better yet, own
one for himself. He had prayed to the saints and to
the Virgin times without number but without finding
rest of soul. One day he came into possession of a Spanish
Bible which a relative of his, a priest, had left, and he
read it until the light of the truth began to dawn upon
him; when, to use his own words, "his heart flew right
open." Then the missionaries came and declared to
him the way more perfectly and now he rejoices in the
assurance of a present salvation. In 1908 a chapel
which was almost completed was destroyed by a typhoon.
In 1905 Balaoan was first visited, and in June of the B^^iaoan.
following year a church was organized with six members.
Services were held in the home of the missionary and
thirteen members were added during the year. A neat
and attractive chapel was built with nipa palm roof at a
cost of $400, the members furnishing the roof and help-
ing to pay tiie carpenters. It was dedicated by Bishop
Mills in February, 1908. Since 1908 the Filipino pastors
have conducted the regular services and have extended
the work into the barrios.
The missionaries visited Santo Tomas in 1905, but Santo Xomas.
the first effective work was done by Juan Abellera in
1906, when he organized a Bible class and also solicited
subscriptions for the "Naimbag a Damag." A church
was organized in November, 1906. The services were
held in the homes of the members, but they now have
plans for a small chapel. The congregation is not large,
and there is a great deal of opposition by prominent
men of the town.
Mr. Widdoes moved to Agoo in the fall of 1905. Agoo.
The basement of the mission house was fitted up for
meetings and Bible classes. In addition to the regular
100
The Woman's Missionary Association
Sunday services, an English Bible class of ten young
men was organized. A church was organized in De-
cember, 1906. Mr. and Mrs. Kurtz have made their home
in Agoo from the time of their arrival on the field until
early in 1909, when they moved to San Fernando. There
has been a steady gain in membership. A lot, large
enough for church and parsonage, has been secured in
a good location at a cost of $55, and a neat substantial
church is being built.
In April, 1904, the town of Bacnotan, ten miles north
of San Fernando, was visited. The leading men of the
town were interviewed and arrangements made for a
meeting. On the second visit it was found that a service
had been arranged for Sunday morning, but as no one
came some personal work was done, tracts were scattered
through the town, and at the afternoon meeting nearly
forty people were present, who kept Mr. Widdoes an-
swering questions for about two hours.
Mr. and Mrs. Mumma moved to Bacnotan in No-
vember 1906, practically opening the work by their
residence there. They organized a Sunday school and
Senior and Junior Christian Endeavor societies. The
membership of the church doubled during 1908, and a
good lot has been purchased for a chapel. During the
absence of Mr. and Mrs. Mumma the local preachers
extended the work into the barrios, and substantial gains
were made in membership.
In April, 1908, Mr. and Mrs. Pace moved to Tagudin
which occupies a strategic position just beyond the
mouth of the Amburayan river. Being the capital of
the Igorrote sub-province, it is the Mecca for all the in-
habitants of the mountains of Amburayan, who come with
First Mission
Conference, 1908
Mission Headquarters
San Fernando
'^«f f fe-'
^rfmmv^'^i
W^""- K\,-.ai
'J^^^LJK^St^'
Igorrote Congregation, Tubao
Workers' Bible Conference
Junior Christian Endeavor Society, Cava
Philippine Islands
101
Nas;uilian.
packs on their backs to trade with the coast people, or
to confer with the American governor.
The little congregation had been worshiping in a
small bamboo chapel which has since been destroyed by
a typhoon. A substantial stone church was built and
dedicated at the conference of 1910 which was held in
the new church. The Woman's Missionary Society of
Canton, Ohio, contributed $400 toward this church in
addition to their other pledges, and it is named the
"Canton, Ohio, Memorial Church." Among the members
are representatives of the best families in the town.
They have been severely persecuted, being ridiculed and
jeered; stoned and reported to the government as revo-
lutionists; but with few exceptions they have remained
steadfast and faithful.
This was the last large town in the central district
reached by the missionaries. The church was organized
with ten members in December, 1908. Within six
months the membership had increased to sixty. These
first members are farmers who have already planned to
build a chapel.
Aringay was first visited in 1905 and services held
for a few months, when, because of the pressure of other '^""^^y-
work, and the fierce opposition the work was discontinued,
but was resumed in 1908, resulting in the organization
of a class early in 1909. This had been one of the hard
points and its occupancy opens all the large towns in
the southern part of the province.
Alilem is an old center among the Igorrotes back in Aiiiem.
• the hills from Bangar and Balaoan. It was visited first
in 1905 and Bibles sold. The missionaries continued
their visits at irregular intervals until 1908, when a class
was organized, Juan Zediu, the leading man of all that
102 The Woman's Missionary Association
country being the first convert. About him grew up
the Ahlem Church.
Rosario. Rosario and its barrios were first visited in 1906.
While there is no organized church, the interest has in-
creased and regular work has been carried on since early
in 1909.
Luna. Luna was visited by the missionaries in 1905 and
1900. They preached in the market and sold some
Bibles. In 1907 Mr. Pace was asked to conduct a Bible
class for English speaking boys but on his arrival in the
town, no home was" open to him and therefore no class
was started. A year or two previous to the American
occupation, thousands of Filipinos had made a pilgrimage
to the town to see a wonder-working image perform
miracles of healing, and a few years later on the plaza
of this same town a pile of Bibles was publicly burned
by the priest. The work of the American teachers has
helped to break down hostility and in 1908 our Filipino
workers began holding services in the barrios, and early
in 1909 the interest was increasing and the prospects
encouraging.
Summary. To Carry ou the work in the Philippines we had in
the spring of 1909, eight American missionaries and nine
Filipino pastors. At the conference that year there
were reported nineteen organized churches, forty-nine
regular preaching places, 851 communicant members,
4,000 adherents, eleven Sunday schools with a member-
ship of 467, five Junior and Senior Christian Endeavor
Societies. The total value of property was $4,691.00.
CO-OPERATION
At the meeting of the Board of Managers held at
Anderson, Indiana, in May, 1908, a committee was ap-
pointed to consider co-operation with the Foreign Mis-
sionary Society throughout our whole territory in Africa.
The year following, before this committee had a meeting,
the Bishops called a meeting of a commission composed
of representatives of all the departments of the Church
for the purpose of considering how they could so corre-
late the various interests as to make the whole work of
the Church more effective. Out of this grew the ques-
tion as to whether there could be brought about a
greater unity and a closer co-operation between the
missionary boards of the Church.
The work in the three fields operated by our Asso-
ciation, Africa, China, and the Philippine Islands, had
grown until the conditions in these fields and their needs
were such as to demand the strength and support of the
whole Church. This fact was realized by some of our
workers at home, and was very keenly felt by the mis-
sionaries on the fields. At their annual meetings preced-
ing the meeting of the Board of Managers at Akron, Ohio,
in 1909, the missionaries on the three fields had taken
action, asking our Board to co-operate with the Foreign
Missionary Society. Then, too, there was a desire on
the part of many of our women for the Association to
undertake some definite work in home missions.
After consultation with the Foreign and the Home
Mission Boards the Trustees decided to appoint a com-
103
104
The Woman's Missionary Association
mittee to study the problem and present som.e plan to
the Board of Managers. This committee after much
thought and prayer presented the following report to
the Board at its meeting in Akron in May, 1909:
''This is an age of progress. The spirit of union
and co-operation for more effective service is to be found
everywhere. In political and commercial life the forces
are combining to an extent unseen before by the world.
They believe that thereby they multiply their powers
and increase their efficiency to do things. Combination
and efficient superintendency are the very watchword
of this commercial age. It is not surprising therefore,
that the same spirit is pervading the ecclesiastical world.
At home and abroad there is a great pulse permeating
our entire Church, impelling us to combine our forces,
that we may the better concentrate our efforts and in-
crease the effectiveness of our service. The whole wide
world for Jesus, is the vision born at Olivet, which calls
for enlarged service at home and abroad. A vision
which is less than worldwide is too limited for the King's
children. He who sees only the field in which he labors,
has ceased to stand beside the cross of Calvar}^ and has
forgotten the commission from Olivet. Tt is the whole
business of the whole church to preach the whole gospel
to the whole world as speedily as possible.'
"Your Committee on General Conference Relations
has carefully canvassed the matter of co-operation be-
tween the Woman's Missionary Association and the
Foreign and the Home Missionary Boards of our Church.
By correspondence and personal interviews, the opinions
of many of the leading men and women of the denomi-
nation have been secured relative to these important
matters. We find that it is the general conviction at
Society.
Co-operation 105
home and in the foreign fields that co-operation with the
Foreign Missionary Society should obtain. We also
find a desire quite general among our people for co-oper-
ation with the Home Missionary Society. We, therefore,
after much prayer and deliberation, bring to you the
following recommendations:
"I. Foreign — We advise that the Woman's Mis- Relation to
sionary Association and the Foreign Missionary Society Missionary
co-operate in all the mission fields of the Church — Africa,
China, Japan, Porto Rico, and the Philippine Islands.
"Provided, 1. That the Foreign Missionary Society
will accept the responsibility of the work now carried on
by tlie Woman's Missionary Association in Africa,
China, and the Philippine Islands, and will continue the
operation of the same; we agreeing to merge ail our
property interests in the fields v.'ith that of the Foreign
Missionary Society, and to assume some part of the work
in each fi.eld now occupied by them, as shall be agreed
upon by the Executive Committee.
"2. That we be represented by one-third of the mem-
bers of the Foreign Missionary Board and of the Execu-
tive Committee of the same, who shall be chosen from and
by the trustees of the Woman's Missionary Association.
"3. That all moneys given by any woman's or-
ganization for home or foreign missions be sent to the
Branch Treasurer, who in turn shall submit quarterly
reports to the Conference Treasurer, in order that the
charge may have due credit in the missionary standards
as adopted by the various boards.
"4. That we ask the Committee on Foreign Mis-
sions for the General Conference to bring in a recommen-
dation defining the field at home from which we may
raise funds.
106 The Woman's Missionary Association
"5. That the form and plan of our organization
remain as it has been.
Relation to "H. Ilome. — After full consideration of the home
s\o^% Society. side of the work, we having been organized from the first
of our Association to do both home and foreign work,
we recommend that we co-operate with the Home Mis-
sionary Society.
"Provided, 1. That the auxiliary movement in-
augurated by the Home Missionary Board be discon-
tinued, and that they give the strength of their support
in turning over the societies already organized by them
to us; we to give, for the first year, $2,000, second $3,000,
third $4,000, fourth $5,000; and, in addition to this, we
will give forty per cent, of the increase of the net general
fund of each year for the quadrennium, and at the end
of the quadrennium an equitable per cent, as shall be
agreed upon.
"2. That we be represented by one-third of the
members of the Home Mission Board, and of the Exe-
cutive Committee of the same, who shall be chosen from
and by the Trustees of the Woman's Missionary Asso-
ciation.
"3. That all moneys given by any woman's or-
ganization for home or foreign missions be sent to the
Branch Treasurer, who in turn shall submit quarterly-
reports to the Conference Treasurer, in order that the
charge may have due credit for the same in the mission-
ary standards as adopted by the missionary boards.
''Resolved, Because of the strength of our missions
in the Orient and our medical work there, that we ask of
the General Conference that our mission conferences
in China and the Philippine Islands be given the same
relations as the conference in West Africa.
Co-operation 107
"Committee: Mrs. J. E. Fout, Chairman, Toledo,
Ohio,; Mrs. I. B. Haak, Myerstown, Pa.; Miss EHza-
bcth Mower, Shippensburg, Pa.; Mrs. Albert Keister,
Scottdaie, Pa.; Mrs. Gertrude Pentz, Dayton, Ohio;
Mrs. H. W. Trueblood, Quincy, Illinois; Mrs. D. E.
Vance, Oskaloosa, Iowa. Mrs. L. R. Harford, Omaha,
Nebraska, and Mrs. B. F. Witt, Dayton, Ohio, advisory
members of the committee."
This report was adopted by an almost unanimous Report Adopted,
vote and later was presented to the General Conference,
where it was very cordially received and referred to the
committee on missions. All that was asked for was
granted ; the Foreign and the Home Boards were elected ^
giving us one-third representation and one-third repre-
sentation on the Executive Committees.
By this arrangement we have a voice not only i]i
the administration of our own funds, but in all the mis-
sionary funds of the Church; through our representatives
on the Boards and Executive Committees we help in the
appointment of missionaries; in the planning of the for-
eign and the home mission work. Through the
merging of our property in Africa, China, and the Philip-
l)ine Islands, with that of the Foreign Missionary Society
in Africa, Japan, and Porto Rico, we now have an interest
in all the property in all the fields. The missionaries
will now be conscious that the whole Church is interested
in all the work and that they can depend on their prayers
and support. The women, young women, and Junior
Christian Endeavor Societies are given to us as a field
to cultivate, thus enlarging our scope for organization.
The Juniors pay their missionary money through the
regular channels of the Association.
108 The Woman's Missionary Association
Items of Interest.
Tlie work in Africa was opened in 1877.
The first Gleaners' Band was organized at Fostoria
in 1879 by Mrs. G. P. Macklin.
The Board of Managers at its meeting in 1880 de-
cided to open work in Germany.
Mrs. T. N. Sowers, the first president of the Asso-
ciation, died November 17, 1880.
The Association was incorporated under the laws
of the State of Ohio, March 28, 1881, under the name of
"The Woman's Missionary- Association of the United
Brethren in Christ."
The first number of the Woman's Evangel was
issued in January, 1882.
Work w^as opened among the Chinese in Portland,
Oregon, in the summer of 1883.
A constitution for Young Women's Bands was adopt-
ed by the Board of Managers at its meeting in 1883.
On July 9, 1883, through the courtesy of the United
Brethren Publishing House, the Association was granted
the use of an office in the building.
April 11, 1905, the Association moved into a suite
of rooms on the eleventh floor of the new office building.
In 1885 the Board provided for monthly programs
in the Evangel. The first program was in the September
number.
Mrs. Sylvia Hayw^ood, president of the Association
for eight years, died October 24, 1886.
In 1888 Mrs. L. R. Keister (Harford) and Mrs. L.
K. Miller attended the World's Missionary conference
held in London, England, June 9-19.
Work was opened in China in 1889.
Co-operation Kfi
In 1S93 Mrs. L. R. Keister resigned as General
Secretary and as Editor of the Evangel. She was married
to Mr. W. P. Harford June 14. Mrs. B. F. Witt, a
trustee, was elected General and Recording Secretary,
and Mrs. L. K. Miller, Editor of the Evangel.
The same year General Conference granted to the
Association the last Sunday in September of each year,
to be known as Woman's Day.
The Board of Managers at its meeting in 1895 author-
ized monthly programs for the Gleaners, to be given in
the Evangel.
At the meeting of the Board of Managers in LS98 a
special memorial service was held for our missionaries
massacred in Africa, and provision was made for the
holding of such a service each year.
May, 1899, to May, 1900, was designated as Silver
Anniversary Year. A special service was held during
the meeting of the Board of Managers, v/hich met at
First Church, Dayton, Ohio, the church in which the As-
sociation was organized. The following persons who were
present at the organization in 1875 were at this meeting:
Mrs. C. Merchant, Mrs. W. H. Lanthurn, Mrs. D. L.
Rike, Mrs. L. R. Harford, Mrs. S. E. Kumler, Mrs.
Benj. Marot, Rev. W. J. Shuey, Dr. G. A. Funkhouser,
Mrs. G. A. Funkhouser, Bishop J. W. Hott, Rev. George
Bender, Mrs. E. Bender, Mrs. M. C. Miller, Mrs. Nancy
A. Hall, Mrs. Mary Coghill, Mrs. W. J. Ellis, Miss Sallie
Winter, Miss Anna V. Zeller.
The special offerings taken during the year were set
apart to mark the quarter of a century and w^re used
for the Martyrs' Memorial Church, Rotifunk, Africa;
Olivet Home, Siu Lam, China; and the opening of work
in the Philippines.
110 The Woman's Missionary Association
On account of the famine in India in 1900, it was
decided that the Woman's Day offering should be given
to India. Of the $2,134 received, $1,000 v/as given to the
famine sufferers, $567 to the leper settlement, and $567
to the orphans in the school of Pandita Ramabai.
In 1901 our first missionaries were sent to the Phil-
ippine Islands.
Mrs. W. J. Shuey, the first treasurer of the Associa-
tion, died June 27, 1901.
In 1902 the Board of Managers recommended that
the General Secretary visit the mission fields. Mrs.
B. F. Witt sailed from San Francisco, September 11.
About eight months were spent in looking into the work
in Africa, China, and the Philippine Islands.
Mrs. Lizzie Huff"man Derrickson, to whom the Asso-
ciation ov/es its organization, died October 24, 1907.
Mrs. L. K. Miller, the honored president of the
Association for eighteen years, died October 23, 1908.
In 1909 Mrs. B. F. Witt resigned as General Secre-
tary; Mrs. Alva Kauffman was elected. Mrs. L. O.
Miller, after twelve years of faithful service as Recording-
Secretary, resigned; Mrs. H. Z, McFadden was elected.
Supplement to Date
The year 1909-1910 was one of changes and adjust- i909-i9io.
ments. Our women responded heartily to the plans for
co-operation. Fifty-one new societies Avere reported,
with a net gain in membership of 1,787.
In February and March, 1910, a membership cam- Membership
paign was inaugurated to enlist more of the women Campaign,
and young women of the churches in our work. Free
literature, leaflets, constitutions, and sample copies
of the Woman's Evangel w^ere sent out. As a result
of the effort eighteen new Locals and one Young Women's
Band were organized with 282 members, and 365 mem-
bers were added to the Locals and Young Women's
Bands already organized. In harmony with the recom-
mendation of the Board of Managers, at their meeting
in May, 1910, the Trustees appointed a committee to
formulate plans for a vigorous campaign for the organ-
ization of new societies and the addition of new mem-
bers.
At the meeting of the Board of Managers held in Young Women's
First Church, Dayton, Ohio, in May, 1910, Miss Ada i^«P"t"^«"*-
M. Slusser was elected Secretary of the Young Women's
Department. At a meeting in June, 1910, the Trustees
designated the deaconess work in our home mission
field as a special for this department, in addition to
the work already assigned on the foreign field.
In the fall of 1909 Mrs. G. W. Kitzmiller was ap- junior Mis-
pointed the Missionary Secretary of the Junior Depart- '^°""^ Secretary.
Ill
112 The Woman's Missionary Ass©ciation
ment. She was re-elected by the Board of Managers
at its meeting in May, 1910.
Rev. and Mrs. J. Hal Smith, who were appointed
to Africa to open work among the Kono tribe, sailed
September 15, 1909; Rev. F. A. Risley sailed December
18, 1909, to take charge of the manual training depart-
ment of Albert Academy; Mr. and Mrs. W. N. Wimmer,
and Miss Etta Odie sailed June 22, 1910, to reinforce
our w^ork in Africa; Miss Matilda Weber sailed for the
Philippines June 20, 1910.
Africa— Rev. and Mrs. J. R. King, Miss Mary
Stauffer and Rev. E. Kingman, who had their furlough
during the year, returned to the field; Mr. and Mrs.
King sailing September 15, 1909, Miss Stauffer, Decem-
ber 18, 1909, Mr. Kingman, February 8, 1910. Rev. R.
P. Dougherty and Miss Alice Dougherty returned home
on furlough in the fall of 1909, and Mrs. Delia Todd
in the summer of 1910. China — Rev. and Mrs. E. B.
Ward after six 3^ears of serA-ice arrived home July 16,
1910. Japan — Rev. and Mrs. Joseph Cosand after
several months furlough, returned to the field, sailing
June 29, 1909. Philippines— Rev. and Mrs. M. W.
Mumma and Rev. and Mrs. H. W. Widdoes, returning
for their second term of service, sailed January 25, and
June 20, 1910, respectively. Porto Rico — Rev. and
Mrs. N. H. Huffman returning for their fourth term,
sailed April 12, 1910. Rev. and Mrs. I. E. Caldwell,
after five months' furlough, again returned to the field,
sailing August 27, 1910.
On the foreign fields the year has been one of
steady and encouraging growth. There has been a net
increase of about twenty per cent in the church mem-
bershio.
Co-operation 113
Africa
The most important advance step was the sending
of Rev. and Mrs. J. Hal Smith into the Kono country
to do pioneer work. This tribe numbering from
80,000 to 100,000 has never had a Christian worker
among them. That they are wilUng and anxious to
have the missionary come to them is shown by a remark
of one of the chief's sons: "We are in darkness; we
don't know^ anything. We have never had any one to
teach us about the true God — we want to know him.''
Mr. and Mrs. Smith are now living among these people,
with headquarters at Jaiama.
Rev. F. A. Risley was added to the teaching
force of Albert Academy to give special attention to
manual training which includes carpenter, printing,
and outdoor industrial work. A new printing press
was also installed and a paper, "The Sierra Leone
Outlook," is being issued monthly.
The new cemxcnt block missionary residence at
Shenge was completed during the year at a cost of
$2,500. A portion of the Rufus Clark and Wife Train-
ing school building was arranged for dormitories in
order to accommodate a larger number of boys.
China
Our work in China is very hopeful. \\'e have a
good staff of Chinese workers, twenty-eight preachers,
teachers, and Bible women, some of whom are men and
women of more than ordinary ability and education.
A number of young men are now in training for the
ministry. A number of the girls in the Miller Seminary
are planning to teach, and, in order to give them some
practical work under the direction of the missionary, a
1909-1910.
1909-1910.
114 The Woman's Missionary Association
number of the eighth grade girls teach some of the classes
in the Seminary. A day school has also been opened
in one of the rooms in the building in order to give the
girls some practical training in day school work.
Dr. and Mrs. Oldt moved to Siu Lam and
have charge of the work there while Mr. and Mrs.
Ward are at home on furlough. Dr. Oldt has opened
a dispensary in this large city which has never had a
Christian physician.
A lot on a public street was purchased in Lak Lau
in the summer of 1909 and a chapel 30x40 feet erected.
The cost of the ground, building and furnishings com-
plete was about $900. The Chinese Christians gave
more toward this chapel than any other that has been
built by the mission. About 250 people were present
at the dedication services held May IS, 1910, and large
audiences attended preaching services twice a day for
several days following the dedication.
Philippines
With the American missionaries living in different
parts of the territory, the Filipino workers had come
to depend much upon their help and presence among
them. But with a part of these missionaries at home
on furlough, it was necessary for the remaining two
families to live in San Fernando and direct the work
from there. The eight circuits were placed in charge
of Filipino workers, most of them having two or more
towns with their many barrios to care for. These
pastors have instructed the people, assisted in the work
of the Sunday schools, and in improving their organ-
izations. Much has been accomplished by the volun-
teer workers. Many villages previously unwilling to
Japan 115
listen to the gospel have become friendly through the
efforts of these workers who have gone to the remote
villages and new places to preach and to do personal
work. The churches have grown stronger, and over
500 new members have been received.
Early in 1910 a Filipino worker was located at
Sigay, among the Igorrotesin the province of Amburayan.
He opened a school for the children, and, as he had op-
portunity, he preached and showed himself friendly
to the people. On x\pril 1, 1910, a church was organized
with forty-four members. Three more churches have
been organized in this province since the annual con-
ference in March, 1910.
That suitable homes might be provided for some
of the boys and girls who come to San Fernando to
attend the high school, two dormitories were opened
in June, 1910, with eight girls in the one and nine boys
in the other. Miss Weber is matron of the dormi-
tory for the girls, and in connection with this she will
have charge of a new department of work — the train-
ing of deaconesses.
Japan.
Our work in Japan was opened in the fall of 1895.
Churches were started in Tokyo, Kusatsu, and other
places, but the work was not well organized until 1898
when Dr. and Mrs. A. T. Howard took charge.
In 1900 an agreement was entered into with the
Doshisha, a Congregational College in Kyoto, to send
our young men to their school, our mission to furnish a
teacher. Rev. and Mrs. J. Edgar Knipp sailed in August,
1900, and Mr. Knipp taught in the Doshisha for three
116 The Woman's Missionary Association
Japan 117
years, when, his health failing, they were compelled to
return home.
Early in 1901 our missionary force was increased by
the addition of Rev. and Mrs. Joseph Cosand, who had
previously spent fifteen years in Tokyo as representatives
of the Friends' Missionary Association. Mr. Cosand's
experience and knowledge of the language enabled him to
do full work at once.
The work prospered under the direction of Dr. cJn&ence
Howard and in the spring of 1902 the Japan Mission OvR^mztd.
Conference was organized with three ordained mission-
aries and eight Japanese Evangelists and pastors. A
short time later the most important parts of the Dis-
cipline were translated into Japanese and put into the
hands of all our workers.
Our territory extending a distance of three hundred
miles from the neighborhood of Tokyo, the capital, to
Kyoto, was divided into two presiding elder districts.
Dr. Howard took charge of the Northeast District and
Mr. Cosand was given the care of the Tokaido District.
Rev. Monroe Crecelius arrived in Tokyo in the fall
of 1906. A year was spent in the study of the language
and in teaching English Bible Classes. On December 13
he was taken ill with scarlet fever and died after a
week's illness.
In November, 1907, the mission was reinforced by
the arrival of Rev. and Mrs. B. F. Shivley. In Sep-
tember, 1909, they moved to Kyoto where Mr. Shivle}-
has been teaching in the academic and collegiate depart-
ments of the Doshisha.
The policy early adopted was that of direct evan- Methods
gelization, and special emphasis has been placed on the
raising up of a strong native ministry.
118 The Woman's Missionary Association
The missionary's wife organizes foreign cooking
classes, mothers' meetings and sometimes teaches Eng-
lish to students. Bible instruction is made prominent
in all this work, either directly or through the aid of a
Bible woman. She also visits in the homes.
During the past year there has been a steady in-
crease in the amount collected for self-support. With-
out any suggestion from pastors or missionaries, the
young men of the Tokyo churches began an evangelistic
movement in some respects like the laymen's missionary
movement in this country. A men's Bible class with
one hundred and thirty members was organized in the
Kyoto Church. The publication of a monthly magazine
called the "Dobo" (United Brethren), was undertaken
early in 1909. English classes conducted several months
during the year in the Thompson Memorial Church in
Tokyo, led to the conversion of a number of young
business men.
Kyoto Church. ^he new church in Kyoto, Mr. Takejiro Ishiguro
pastor, was completed and dedicated January 16, 1910.
It is a frame building 54 x 36 feet with tile roof. In
addition to the main auditorium there are three
Sunday-School rooms, pastor's study, and a gallery
extending across one end of the auditorium. It is the
second largest church building in Kyoto and cost
$4,546.18. Of this amount, $375 was contributed by
the native church.
To carry on our work in Japan we had in the spring
of 1910, six American missionaries, fifteen Japanese
pastors, eight of whom are ordained, and four Bible
women. At the conference that year there were reported
twelve organized churches with 538 communicant mem-
l)crs, 1076 adherents, nineteen Sunday schools with an
A Japanese Pastor
and Family
United Brethren Church, Kyoto
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Japanese Annual Conference
Primary Department, United Brethren Sunday School, Kyoto, Japan
United Brethren Sunday School, Ponce, Porto Rico
Porto Rico
119
enrollment of 900, and nine Senior Christian Endeavor
societies. The total value of property is S34,970.
Porto Rico.
Our church was one of the first to establish work in
Porto Rico. In February, 1899, Dr. VV. M. Bell, then
Secretary of the Home, Frontier and Foreign Mission-
ary Society, went to the island. An early agreement
was entered into by the various denominations to
prevent duplication and overlapping of work. Our
church is held responsible for the section in the south-
western part of the island.
On July 28, 1899, Rev. and Mrs. N. H. HufTman,
our first missionaries, arrived on the island and opened
mission work in Ponce, a city of 30,000 inhabitants. A
church was organized in May, 1900, with ten members.
In February, 1900, Rev. and Mrs. E. L. Ortt were
sent out by the Sunday School Board, but on account of
ill health they were able to remain but a short time.
Dr. C. W. Clymer served as a medical missionary for a
brief period.
In August, 1901, Rev. and Mrs. Philo W. Drury
arrived on the field. During 1901 work was opened in
J nana Diaz, the center of a district of 28,000 people
with no Protestant church among them. To better
develop this district Mr. and Mrs. Drury moved to
Juana Diaz in September, 1902. A church was organ-
ized July 19, 1903, with nineteen members.
From Ponce and Juana Diaz as centers, the gospel
was carried into the surrounding towns and barrios.
With the coming of new workers in the summer of
1907— Rev. and Mrs. I. E. Caldwell and Miss Elizabeth
Reed — Mr. Huffman recommended that our work be
First Church
Organized.
Juana Diaz
Entered.
Yanco Opened.
120 The Woman's Missionary Association
extended and requested the board to grant him the
privilege of doing pioneer work in Yauco, where very
little gospel work had been done. After careful inves-
tigation this plan was approved and Mr. Drury was made
superintendent and located at Ponce. Mr. and Mrs.
Caldwell were placed in charge of the Juana Diaz district,
Porto Rico 121
and Miss Reed was appointed to assist in the work in
Ponce.
In Yaiico, just one year after the opening of the
work, a church was organized with twenty-three
members.
Rev. and Mrs. C. I. Mohler, who arrived on the Knud?s'!'"'* '"
island in September 1908, went to Penuelas which had
been opened in 1902 and are developing the work in that
district.
Notwithstanding the fact that Sunday is the chief
market day of the week, the attendance at the Bible
school, which is the only Sunday morning service, is
usually larger than the church membership. Practically
the whole church attends the mid-week prayer meeting.
In the Christian Endeavor meeting emphasis is placed
on testimony and training for special work. Special
emphasis has been given to the training of native pastors
and a regular course of study has been outlined for them.
The Porto Rican pastor is given large responsibility, and
the missionary seeks to honor him and work through him
for the up-lifting of the people of his parish.
During the last year normal classes were organized
in the Sunday Schools and the teachers are being better
prepared for their work. Personal Workers' classes
were organized in some of the churches. The members
are being taught the principles of Christian stewardship
and splendid advance has been made in the way of self-
support.
A dispensary was opened at Coto Laurel in October Dispensary
1909, under the direction of Dr. C. E. Ruth, a Christian °''*"'^-
physician living in Ponce, who gives his services gratis.
While the dispensary is open but a half day every two
weeks, yet it has brought great relief physically to a
122 The Woman's Missionar}- Association
large number of persons, and has given added prestige
to our Church in Coto Laurel.
To carry on the work in Porto Rico, we had in the
Spring of 1910, nine American missionaries and fourteen
Porto Rican workers. At the conference that year there
were reported fourteen organized churches, twenty-two
regular preaching places, 871 communicant members,
1,642 adherents, twenty-three Sunday schools with a
membership of 1,273, five Senior Christian Endeavor
societies. The total value of property was $31,360.
Our Home Mission Fields.
The first year our funds for home missions were
appropriated to the work in North Texas Conference,
Stockton, California, Oregon Conference and Walla
Walla, Washington.
In North Texas Conference the first church was
organized in April, 1907, at Hartville, Oklahoma, with
thirteen members, by Mrs. Callie King, a former mis-
sionary in Africa. The conference was organized by
Bishop W. M. Weekley in November, 1908, with four
ordained ministers and three holding quarterl}^ con-
ference relations. There are now fifteen organized
churches, three church-houses valued at $4,800, and
one parsonage worth over $500.
The church at Stockton, California, was organized
in 1907. They now have a membership of fifty-three.
A cement block church, with an auditorium seating 150
persons, was completed in 1909. This little congregation
is showing to the denomination what a city church can
do for the foreigners in its midst. A school which was
opened in the fall of 1908 for the Japanese, meets three
evenings a week and has had an enrollment of more than
Street Preaching. Yauco
United Brethren Church,
Juana Diaz
Porto Rico Conference
Japanese Class, Stockton, California
(ierman Sunday School, Chicajio, Illinois
Our Home Mission Fields
123
124 The Woman's Missionary Association
40 pupils. The people welcome them to all the services,
religious and social.
The Oregon Conference made marked progress
during the year. Some new church buildings were
erected, and beginnings made in some of the prominent
centers. In Portland where we already have three
churches, another Sunday school has been started in a
section of the city having a population of 12,000, where
there was not a single church.
At Walla Walla, Washington, we have a church
well located with a membership of 52. The Sunday-
School is well organized and is the only one in the city
that meets all the requirements of a standard school.
Officers 125
OFFICERS.
Presidents.
Mrs. T. N. Sowers 1875-18711
Mrs. Sylvia Haywood 1879-1887
Mrs. L. K. Miller 1887-1905
Mrs. L. R. Harford 1905-
General Secretaries.
Mrs. L. R. Harford 1875-187G
Mrs. E. r. Marot 1876-1881
Mrs. L. R. Harford 1881-189:;
Mrs. B. F. Witt 1893-1900
Mrs. Alva Kauffman 1909-
Recording Secretaries.
Mrs. D. L. Rika 1875-1881
Mrs. Benj. Marot 1881-1893
Mrs. B. F. Witt 1893-1897
Mrs. I.. O. Miller 1897-1900
Mrs. H. Z. McFadden 1909-
Treasurers.
Mrs. W. J. Shuey 1875-1881
Mrs. D. L. Rike 1881-1903
Mrs. B. F. Witt 1903-19r(9
Mrs. Alva Kauffman *. 1909-
WOMAN'S DAY SPECIALS.
1893— China.
1894 — Thank-offering- for Africa.
1895 — Africa, Bethany Cottage.
1896— General Fund.
1897— China, Beth Eden.
1898 — China, Physician's Residence.
1899 — Silver Anniversary Fund.
1900— Special for India.
1001— Philippine Islands. •
1*02 — For the debt of the Home, Frontier, and Foreign Missionary Societv.
1003 — Africa, Albert Academy.
1904 — China, Foundling Home.
1905 — Africa, Albert Academy Endowment Fund.
lOOi — Africa, Moyamba Home.
1907 — Philippine Islands, San Fernando Church.
1908— China Building Fund.
1900 — China, Klizaheth Kumler Miller Seminary.
126
The Woman's Missionary Association
Chronological Table
Time and Place of Annual
Annual fleeting. Receipts
1875_Oct. 21. Organization. President, Mrs. T. N. Sow-
Dayton, Ohio, First ers : correspondins? .secretary, Mrs. L,. R.
Church. Keister; recording secretary, Mrs. D. L.
Rike; treasurer, Mrs. W. J. Shuey
1S76— May 11.
Davton, Ohio, First
Church.
Mrs. Benj. Marot elected corresponding
secretary. Africa. — Miss Emily Beeken
$458 50 appointed; sailed November 10, "Penn-
sylvania."
1877— April 26.
Dayton, Ohio, Sum-
mit Street.
1878— May 1.
Galion, Ohio.
1879— Mav 21.
Dayton, Ohio, First
Church
1880— May 10.
Fostoria, Ohio.
1881— May 11.
Western, Iowa.
1882— May 24.
Lebanon, Pa.
Two delegates appointed to General Con-
ference, Mrs. D. L. Rike and Mrs. A.
$325 74 Iv. Billheimer, Mrs. Billheimer employed
as organizer. Africa. — Mission opened at
Rotifunk.
Africa. — Resignation of Miss Fmily Beeken
$1,391 IS on account of ill health.
Resignation of Mrs. T. N. Sowers ; Mrs.
Sylvia Haywood elected president. First
$1,985 68 Gleaner's Band organized. Africa. —
Mrs. M. M. Mair appointed ; arrived at
Freetown, October 19. Mission-house
for Rotifunk ordered ; Mrs. A. L. Bill-
heimer to collect funds for it. Bompeh
station opened.
Africa. — One hundred acres of land leased
$3,691 84 at Rotifunk for 99 years. Germany.—
Mission at Coburg undertaken.
Association incorporated March 28. (See
.$3,679 03 records, Columbus, Ohio.) Board of
Trustees created. Mrs. L. R. Keister
elected corresponding secretary ; Mrs. D.
L. Rike, treasurer; Mrs. Benj. Marot.
recording secretary. Woman's Evangel
ordered started ; Mrs. L. R. Keister
elected editor, June 15. Death of Mrs.
T. N. Sowers in November. Africa. —
Work opened at Palli.
First number of Woman's Evangel issued
$5,458 88 in January. Mrs. L. R. Keister em-
Sloyed as organizer. Africa. — Rev. and
Irs. R. N. West appointed ; consecrated
at Summit Street Church, Dayton, Ohio,
September 22; sailed October 2, "Li-
beria." Portland, Oregon. — Chinese Mis-
sion School opened ; Mrs. M. E. Sicka-
foose appointed superintendent.
Chronolos^ical Tables
12:
1883 May 16. Constitution for Young Women's Bands,
VVesterville, Ohio. .$6,559 89 adopted. Office opened in the U. B. Pub-
lishing House, July 9. Africa.— Mrs. M.
M. Mair returned to America. Chapel
ordered built at Rotifunk. Portland,
Oregon. — Mrs. M. E. Sickafoose began
work, July 16.
1884— May IG.
Hartsville, Ind.
Africa. — Chapel at Rotifunk dedicate.l
$8,241 21 February 24; cost, $1,500. Portland,
Oregon. — Rev. George Sickafoose ap-
pointed superintendent; ordered to select
proi)erty.
1885— May
Dayton, Ohio,
Church.
1. Alonthly programs in Evangel. Celebration
First of decennial year ; thank-offering, $585. H>.
.i;i0.072 32 Portland, Oregon. — Clainese mission
property purchased February 23 ; cost,
$8,000.
188G— May 10.
Huntington, Ind.
Death of president, Mrs. Sylvia Haywood,
.$12,054 72 October 24. Africa. — Rev. and Mrs. R.
N. West returned to America on fur-
lough ; returning to Africa, sailed Sep-
tember 18, "Liberia." One thousand
dollars ordered secured for advance
work.
1887 May •'•0. Mrs. L. K. Miller elected president.
WestfieUl III. $11,081 88 Africa.— Rev. and Mrs. W. S. Sage_ ap-
pointed ; consecrated at Board meeting ;
sailed September 24, "Liberia."
1888— May 17. ^Irs- L. K. Miller appointed associate edi-
Toledo Iowa. $11,448 44 tor and publisher of Woman's Evangel.
ter sent as delegates to the World's
Missionary Conference, London, Eng-
land. Africa. — Mary Sowers Home for
Girls. Rotifunk, built; cost, .$2,000.
China. — Voted to open work.
1889— May 8.
Ilarrisburg, Pa.
Africa. — Miss Frances Williams and Miss
$11,828 89 Kllen Groenendyke appointed; Miss
Williams consecrated at First Church,
Dayton, Ohio, July 7; Mi?s Groenen-
dvke, at Summit Street Church, October
13. They sailed October 16. "Teutonic."
Uoys' Home biiil^. Aid Society formed
at Rotifunk. China. — -Miss Australia
Patterson and Miss Lillian ShafFner ap-
pointed; Miss Schnffner consecrated at
Board meeting; Miss Patterson, at First
Church, Dayton, Ohio, July 7. They
sailed in company with Rev. G. A.
Sickafoose and Rev. Moy Ling, October
4, "Abyssinia."
128 The Woman's Missionary Association
1890 — May 21. Teachers' fund opened ; Mrs. Bertha Ger-
DayUn. Ohio, Sum- laugh appointed secretary. German
mit Street. .$14,564 23 chapel fund loaned. Africa. — Rev. and
Mrs. Jacob Miller appointed ; conse-
crated at Summit Street Church, Day-
ton, Ohio, November 16; sailed Novem-
ber 20, "Georgia." Rev. and Mrs. W.
S. Sage returned to America. Work
opened in the Masimera country. W. C.
T. U. formed at Rotifunk. China. —
Miss Shaffner returned to America. Two
day schools for girls opened in Canton.
1891 — May 19. Africa. — Dr. Marietta Hatfield, Miss Elnia
Decatur, 111. $16,678 32 Bittle, and Miss Ella Schenck appointed ;
Doctor Hatfield consecrated at Board
meeting; Miss Bittle, at Lewisburg,
Ohio, August 23 ; Miss Schenck, at
Lockington, Ohio, August 16. They
sailed September 23, "City of Chicago."
Dr. Alice Harris employed at Rotifunk.
Rev. and Mrs. R. N. West returned to
America on furlough. Miss Williams ap-
pointed superintendent. Bishop E. B.
Kephart held annual conference. Port-
land, Oregon. — Assisted in opening
cJiurch work. Lot purchased, 50 x 100
feet; cost, $3,500. Rev. George Sicka-
foose resigned as superintendent.
1892 — May 11. Special service at Otterbein Church. Cover
Baltimore, Md. .$16,291 59 ordered for Evangel. Mrs. Bertha Ger-
laugh resigned as secretary of Teachers'
fund ; Miss Marie Shank appointed.
Africa. — Rev. and Mrs. I. N. Cain and
Miss Lydia Thomas appointed ; conse-
crated at Summit Street Church, Dayton,
Ohio, September 25. In company with
Mr. and Mrs. West, returning, sailed
October 1, "Arizona." Rev, and Mrs.
Jacob Miller returned to America. Death
of Miss Frances Williams, July" l9 ;
death of Miss Elma Bittle, August 7.
China. — Dr. Regina M. Bigler appointed ;
conseerated at First Church, Dayton,
Ohio, November 6; sailed November 16,
"Gaelic." Day school for girls opened.
1893 — May 9. East Sunday in September of each year
Germantown, Ohio. $19,190 01 set apart by General Conference as
Woman's Day. Woman's Day offering
for China. Resignation of Mrs. L. R.
Keister; Mrs. B. F. Witt elected cor-
responding and recording secretary ;
Mrs. L. K. Miller appointed editor of
Evangel. Marriage of Mrs. L. R. Keis-
ter to Mr. W. P. Harford, June 14.
Mrs. E. R. Harford appointed editorial
correspondent. Africa. — Miss Ellen
Groenendyke returned to America on
furlough. Bishop E. B. Kephart held
annual conference. Brick makmg begun.
"Keister Chapel," Palli, dedicated.
Chronological Tables * 129
Portland, Oregon. — Resignation of Mrs.
GeorGre Sickafoose; Mrs. Mary E.
Henkle appointed superintendent. Sale
of Chinese mission property recom-
mended, and purchase of smaller prop-
erty. China. — Rev. and Mrs. K. E. Fix
appointed ; consecrated at Fir.'^t Church,
Dayton, Ohio, in May; sailed Novem-
ber 16, "Gaelic." Dispensarv opened;
cases treated, 1,188.
AXT ^^^ — ¥*5f ~'^" *,-ror. VVoman's Day oflfering for Africa. Manual
W aterloo, Ind. .?17,891 10 issued for use of missionaries. Africa.—
Miss Florence M. Cronise and Miss
Minnie E. Eaton appointed ; Miss
Cronise consecrated at Board meeting;
Miss Eaton at Los Angeles, California,
i'l Octoiier 'i'hey sailed November 27,
"Brittanic." Rev. I. N. Cain appointed
superintendent. Deatji of Rev. R. N,.
West, September 22. Tablet, suita'BTy'
marked, nlaced in Rotifunk chanel. Mrs.
R. N. West, Miss Ella Schenck, and
Miss Lydia Thomas returned to Amer-
ica. Diplomas printed for Rotifimk
school. Industrial building, Rotifunk.
completed; cost, iRSOO. Y. P. C. U.
organized at Rotifunk. Psrtland, Ore-
gon.— Church completed ; cost, $5,00') ;
transferred to W. M. A. in August,
dedicate'! N'r-ember IS. China, — Miss
Austia Patterson returned to America on
furlough. Mobbing of missionaries,
June 11.
1895 — May 15. Woman's Day offering, Bethany Cottage,
Westfield, 111. $17,8.35 22 Africa. Celebration of vicennial year ;
thank-oflfering. Gleaners' programs be-
sxm in August Evangel. Africa. — Dr.
Mary C. Archer appointed ; consecrated
at Board meeting; sailed December 7,
"Lucania." Dr. Marietta Hatfield re-
turned to America on furlough. Bishop
J. W. Hott held annual conference.
Hompeh Chanel dedicated January 20.
Work opened in the Yonnie country.
Building of rest cottage recommended.
Deed secured for ten acres of land at
Rokon. Germany. — Chapel fund, $2,70.'i.-
08. paid to Home, Frontier, and Foreign
Missionary Society for erection of chapel
at Weimar, Germany. Portland. Oregon.
— Church mortgage paid. China. — Mr.
and Mrs. Fix returned to .\merica.
Chapel at Canton opened in May.
1896 — May 21. Woman's Day offering for Creneral Fund.
Mt. Pleasant, Pa. $18,81.''» 60 Illustrations ordered for Evangel. Africa.
— Rev. and Mrs. L. A. McGrew ap-
pointed ; consecrated at West Baltimore,
Ohio, March 22; sailed March 28. "Cam-
pania." Mr. and Mrs. Cain returned to
America on furlough. Work opened at
Taiama and Kwellu. Deed was secured
130 The Woman's Missionary Association
lor twenty acres of land at Kwellu.
Mission-house built at Rokon. Portland,
Oregon. — The pastor, Rev. C. C. Bell,
resigned ; Rev. E. E. Fix appointed.
China. — Miss Patterson, returning to
China, sailed May 20, "China." Boys'
Day School opened.
1807 — May 12. Woman's Day offering for Beth Eden,
Lisbon, Iowa. ."^18,^01 79 China, and hospital, Africa. Africa. —
Arthur Ward appointed ; consecrated at
Georgetown, Indiana, September 7. He,
with Mr. and Mrs. Cain, Doctor Hat-
field, and Miss Schenck, returning^ to
Africa, sailed October 1, "Lucania."
Bishop Mills held annual conference.
Death of Mrs. M. M. Mair, March 17.
Deed secured for 120 acres of land at
Taiama. At Mt. Leicester, two acres of
land leased and Bethanv cottage built;
cost of our one-half, $1,000. Portland,
Oregon. — Location of Chinese mission
school changed on trial. China. — Dr. H.
K. Shumaker appointed ; consecrated at
First Church, Dayton, Ohio, August 29;
sailed October 21, "China." Rev. and
Mrs. E. B. Ward appointed ; consecrated
at Toledo, Iowa, May 18; sailed De-
cember 18, "City of Peking." Doctor
Halverson returned to America. Ground
purchased in Canton, on Honam ; cost,
$4,000. Mission-house (Beth Eden) or-
dered built. Work opened at San Tong.
Medical cases treated, 20,002.
1898— May 18. Woman's Day offering for chapel and dis-
Westerville, Ohio. $20,145 81 pensary, China. Africa.— Miss Cronise,
Miss Eaton, and Arthur Ward returnea
to America. L'prising of natives ; Rev.
and Mrs. I. N. Cain, Miss Ella Schenck,
Dr. Marietta Hatiield. and Dr. Mary
Archer killed at Rotifunk, May 3; Rev.
and Mrs. L- A. McGrew at Taiama, May
9. Nearly all property destroyed. Me-
morial services, June 26. Rev. and Mrs.
J R. King, appointed to reopen work,
half time, for the W. M. A., sailed Sep-
tember 10, "Etruria." Portland, Ore-
gon.— Chinese mission-school closed July
1. China. — Mrs. Ruth Thompson, al-
ready in Canton, appointed October 25 ;
consecrated November .3. Lau Seng
Nam ordained. (Virginia Conference.)
1899 — May 17. Woman's Day offering for Africa, China,
Ft. Wayne, Ind. $19,089 ^7 and opening of new work. Africa. — Rev.
and Mrs. E. E. Todd appointed ; conse-
crated at Pleasant Prairie, Minnesota,
October 1. Rev. and Mrs. E. A. King
appointed ; consecrated at Parsons, Kan-
sas. October IH. These, with Bishop Kep-
hart, sailed November 15, "Oceanic."
Work opened at Moyamba. China. —
Doctor Shumaker appointed superintend-
ent, January 1. Beth Eden completed ;
cost, $2,449.65. Work opened at Kwong
Li and Siu Lam.
Chronological Tables 131
1900 — May 17. Special Silver Anniversary service and
Dayton, Ohio, First offering at Board meeting. Woman's
Church. $21,537 72 Day offering to India, $2,134. Africa.—
Dr. Zenora Griggs appointed ; conse-
crated at Summit Street Church, Sep-
tember 30. She, with Miss Minnie Eaton
and Miss Ellen Groenendyke, returning,
sailed October 2, "Oceanic." Bishop
Kephart held annual conference. Deed
secured for 100 acres of land at Roti-
funk. Railroad completed from Free-
town to Rotifunk, and post-ofiiices estatD-
lished at Rotifunk and Moyamba. Dis-
pensary opened. Mission-houses built at
Rotifunk and Moyamba. Portland, Ore-
gon.— Church deeded by W. M. A. to
local trustees. China. — Dr. R. M. Big-
ler returned to America on furlough.
Dr. Ruth Thompson resigned. Chapel
site purchaped and chapel enlarged ;
cost, $1,329.19. Philippine Islands.—
Voted to open work.
1901 — May 9. Woman's Dav offering for the Philippines.
Hagerstown, Aid. $22,201 29 Death of Mrs. W. J. Shuey, first treas-
urer, June 27. Africa. — Rev. and Mrs.
W. S. Richards appointed ; consecrated
at First Church, Dayton. Ohio, February
10; sailed February 20, "Majestic." Mr.
and Mrs. J. R. King and Mr. and Mrs.
E. A. King returned to America. New
deed secured at Taiama. China. — Girls'
Boarding School erected on Beth Eden
Compound ; cost, $1,275 ; opened March
12. Street chapel opened in Canton.
Bargain money paid in December for
Siu Lam property. Philippines. — Work
Opened. Rev. E. S. Eby and Rev. S.
B. Kurtz appointed ; consecrated at First
Church, Dayton, Ohio, February 10;
sailed February 19, "Nippon Maru."
Rev. and Mrs. L. O. Burtner appointed
in charge of the work ; consecrated at
Board meeting; sailed September 27,
"Nippon Maru." Organization of Evan-
gelical Union. Three provinces allotted
to us — Ilocos North, Ilocos South, and
La Union.
1902— May 13. Woman's Day offering, $2,000, for debt of
Lecompton, Kan. $23,426 40 T[ome, Frontier, and Foreign Missionary
Society. New history printed. Mrs. B.
F. Witt appointed to visit our mission
fields ; sailed from San Francisco, Sep-
tember 11, "Hong Kong Maru." Mrs.
L. E. Custer and Miss Groenendyke
appointed to ofBce work, pro tem. Sep-
tember 23, the two Mission Boards de-
cided upon cooperation in Africa.
Africa. — Rev. J. R. King appointed joint
stiperintendent ; he and i\Irs. King sailed
November 12, "Teutonic." Miss Rilla
Akin and Miss Mary Murrel appointed ;
consecrated at Board meeting; sailed
132 The Womairs Missionary Association
; October 1'), "Teutonic." Rev. and Mrs.
W. S. Richards and Miss E)llen Groen-
endyke returned to America. Church at
Moyamba dedicated; cost, $2,000, of
which $1,200 was raised on the field.
Work opened at Bradford and Lunga
and reopened at Rokon. China. — Rev.
and Mrs. C. E. Spore appointed ; conse-
crated at Board meeting ; sailed, in com-
pany with Mrs. Witt, September 11. Dr.
Owen S. Townsend appointed ; conse-
crated at Bonebrake Theological Sem-
inar>% December 18, 1901 ; sailed Feb-
ruary 7, "China" ; returned to America
in the fall. Work opened at Sheung Ti,
Hang Tan, and Kwai Chau. Miss Pat-
terson married to Doctor Shumaker,
February 4. Philippines. — Mr. Kurtz
resigned to enter Y. M. C. A. work.
Three additional provinces — Abra, Le-
panto, and Bontoc — allotted our mission,
with full privilege to work in Manila
and in the province of Benguet. Head-
quarters established in Manila.
1903 — May 26. Woman's Day offering for Albert Acad-
Fostoria, Ohio. $24,652 50 emy. Mrs. D. L. Rike resigned as
treasurer; Mrs. B. F. Witt elected.
Africa. — Mrs. Witt, in company with
Rev. and Mrs. F. E. Todd, returning
from Africa on furlough, arrived in New
York, Mav 16. "Cedric." Rev. and Mrs.
W. E. Riebel, Rev. and Mrs. Clayton
Judy, Rev. and Mrs. C. W. Snyder ap-
pointed; consecrated at Board meeting;
sailed September 30, "Teutonic." Mrs.
Riebel died December 10 ; buried at
Freetown. Work opened at Makouri.
Memorial markers sent to Africa. In
December, agreed to a twenty-five-year
lease on Ebo Church, Freetown, with
option of purchase. China. — Rev. and
Mrs. E. I. Doty appointed ; consecrated
at Toledo, Iowa, September 23; sailed
October 31, "Coptic." Olivet Home.
Sin Lam, completed ; cost, $1,500. Phil-
ippines.— Rev. and Mrs. H. W. Widdoes
appointed; consecrated at Abilene, Kan.,
August 9; sailed September 19, "Hong
Kong Maru."
1904 — May 18. Woman's Day ofifering for the Foundling
First Church, AI- Home, China. Office moved to Sixth
toona, Pa. $26,139 ol floor in March. October 7, Mrs. U K.
Miller resigned as editor of Evangel,
Mrs. B. F. Witt and Mrs. G. P. Mack-
lin served temporarily. Africa. — In the
spring. Miss Minnie Eaton and Miss
Mary Murrell and Dr. Zenora Griggs
returned to America on furlough. Rev.
R. P. Dougherty appointed ; consecrated
at Board meeting; sailed Tune 1,
"Oceanic." Rev. and Mrs. E. E. Todd,
returning to Africa, sailed August 19,
Chronological Tables 133
"Cedric." Miss -Vi^grc Akin appointed;
consecrated in the Mission Rooms, No-
vember 2(1. She, in company with Dr.
Zenora Griggs, Miss Minnie Eaton, and
Miss Mary Alurrel, returning to Africa.
sailed November 30, "Baltic." Bishop
?.Iills held annual conference at Roti-
funk. Agreed to put 5^5,000 into a
building for Albert Academy and $o,00<>
endowment fund. Albert Academy opened
October 4, with five pupils, Rev. R. P.
Dougherty, principal. Memorial Church.
Rotifunk, dedicated October 9 ; cost.
$4,300. Of this amount, $2,370 raised
on field. November 2~>, agreed to pur-
chase of lot in Freetown next to Ebo
Church. Board of trustees elected to
hold property iointlv — Bishop Mills, Dr.
W. M. Bell, and Mfs. B. F. Witt. Work
opened at Ronietta. Mission-house at
Taiama completed. Death of Rev. E.
E. Todd, December 11. China. — Dr.
and Mrs. H. K. Shumaker returned to
America in the spring. Rev. and Mrs.
E. B. Ward, returning to China, sailed
September 1.5, "'Empress of _ China."
Work opened at Lak I,au. Philippines.
— Rev. and Mrs. L. O. Burtner returned
to America early in the year. Rev. E.
S. Eby resigned. Work opened in Union
Province in February with headquarters
at San Fernando. A mission-house
built; cost, $1,678.50. The first church
organized at Cava, April 3. Church at
San Fernando organized, December 24.
1905 — May 9. Woman's Day offering for Albert Acad-
lolton, Kan. .?27,501 01 emy, Africa. Mrs. L. K. Miller re-
signed as president ; Mrs. L. R. Harford
elected. In March, office was moved to
eleventh floor U. B. office building.
August 15, Mrs. Mary R. Albert ap-
pointed Evangel editor. Africa. — Re-
turned to America, Rev. and Mrs. J. R.
King, Mrs. C. W. Snyder, and Miss
Rilla Akin in the spring, Rev. W, E.
Riebel in July, and Mrs. C. Judv in
September. Rev. and Mrs. H. T. Miller
appointed ; consecrated at Toledo, Iowa.
September 17. E. M. Hursh appointed :
consecrated at Ashland, Ohio, September
8. These, in company with Rev. and
Mrs. J. R. King and Rilla Akin, return-
ing to Africa, sailed November 29.
"Oceanic." Church organized in Free-
town and building dedicated, January 11.
Death of Mrs. Juliana Thompson. May
20. Five acres of land near Circular
Road, Freetown, secured for .$2,000 as
site for Albert Academy. China. — Rev.
and Mrs. B. F. Bean appointed ; conse-
crated at Odon. Indiana, September 3.
Miss Belle Myers appointed ; consecrated
at Toledo, Ohio, September 1. They
134 The \\ Oman's Missionary Association
sailed September 20, "Dakota." Dr.
Frank Oldt appointed ; consecrated at
Beavertown, Ohio, September 10 ; sailed
September 27, "Manchuria." Rev. C.
K. Spore appointed superintendent. Phil-
ippines.— Rev. and Mrs. R. J. Pace ap-
pointed ; consecrated at Columbus, Ohio,
June 18 ; sailed November o, "Minne-
sota." Churches organized at Tubao
and San Juan. A paper, the "Dagiti
Naimbag a Damag," started.
1906 — May 22. Woman's Day offering for Moyamba Home,
Canton, Ohio. $32,740 72 Africa. Evangel increased to thirty-two
pages. Portland, Oregon. — Chinese mis-
sion property sold for $7,0'J(), credited
to China. Africa. — Rev. H. D. Southard
appointed ; consecrated at First Church,
Dayton, Ohio, May 2 ; sailed May 18,
"Celtic." Miss Mary E. Staufter ap-
pointed ; consecrated at Cedar Rapids,
Iowa, November 4 ; sailed December 19,
"Baltic." Returned to America, Miss
Mary INIurrei in January, Rev. C. W.
Snyder in February, Rev. C. Judy in
March, Rev. R. P. Dougherty in August.
School-house built at Moyamba. Church
organized at Taiama. China. — Miss Ora
p.. Maxwell appointed; consecrated at
Board meeting ; sailed September 2,
"Dakota;" married to Frank Oldt.
Tokyo, Japan, September 18, Physi-
cian's residence, Canton, completed ;
cost, $3,300. Chapel opened at lyung
Kong. Philippines. — Dr. and Mrs. B.
r\I. Piatt appointed ; consecrated at
Riverdale Church, Dayton, Ohio, De-
cember 10, 1905; sailed January 4,
"Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse." Rev. and
Mrs. A. B. DeRoos appointed ; conse-
crated in the Mission Rooms, June 28 ;
sailed July 19, "]?arbarosa." Rev. and
Mrs. S. B. Kurtz appointed; Mrs. Kurtz
consecrated at Topeka, Kansas, October
28. They sailed December 5, "Tartar."
Churches organized at Bangar, Agoo,
Balaoan, and Santo Tomas. Chapel
dedicated at Cava.
^QQ-T T^^^y ir, \N'oman's Day offering for San Fernando
AT-Tr,ori-'i1 Vhiirch Church, Philippines. Death of IMrs. L.
H^?risburg Pa $48,514 S7 H. Derrickson, October 24. Africa.-
rtarrisDurg, ra. ^ Settlement in full of the $5,000 for Al-
bert Academy. Rev. E- Kingman ap-
pointed by the Foreign Missionary So-
ciety to work jointly for both Boards
for a time ; consecrated in U. B. Assem-
bly Room. February 25; sailed March 5,
"Ivernia." Returned to America on
furlough in the spring, Mrs. Delia Todd,
Miss Minnie Eaton, and Miss Angle
Akin. Miss Alice N. Dougherty _ ap-
pointed; consecrated at Board meeting;
Chronological Tables 135
sailed in company with Rev. R. P.
Dougherty, returning to Africa. June I'u
"Campania." Miss Mary E. Lambert
consecrated at Anderson, Indiana, No-
vember 24; in company with Mrs. Todd,
returning to Africa, she sailed Novem-
ber 28, "Baltic" ; was married to Mr.
IC. M. Hursh, December 19. Rev. H.
D. Southard and Miss Rilla Akin mar-
ried in Freetown, January 2. Land pur-
chased in Freetown for headquarters and
residence begun. Dispensary occupied.
M o y a m b a Home completed ; cost,
$4,574.40. Work opened at Yonnie
Banna and Yoyema. Deputation visit of
Dr. W. R. Funk and Mr. J. W. Ruth.
China. — Rev. C. E. Spore returned to
America on furlough. Superintendency
discontinued ; secretary and treasurer ap-
pointed. Foundling Home opened in
rented building. Churches organized at
Canton, San Tong, Siu Lam, Kwai Chau,
and Hang Tan. Visit of Bishop Mills.
A mission conference organized. Philip-
pines.— Resigned from our work, Dr. B.
M. Piatt. June 12; Rev. A. B. DeRoos,
October 19. Sub-province of Amburayan
added to our territory. Church organ-
ized at Bacnotan.
in08 — May 26-29. Woman's Day offering, Chma Buildmg
Anderson, Ind. $45,708 52 Fund. Death of Mrs. L. K. Miller,
October 23. Africa.— Dr. W. R. Funk
held the annual conference. Albert
Academy dedicated January 11. First
class graduated from Albert Academy,
January 13. Mr. and Mrs. E. M. Hursh
and Rev. and Mrs. H. T. Miller re-
turned to America in the spring. Rev.
and Mrs. H. T. -Miller resigned. Miss
Minnie Eaton and Dr. Zenora Griggs,
returning to Africa, sailed March 19.
Miss Ella Shanklin appointed ; conse-
crated at Board meeting. She, in com-
pany with Miss Angie Akin, returning
to Africa, sailed June 20. Rev. and Mrs.
IT. D. Southard returned to America in
the fall. Branch dispensary opened at
Taiama. i\Iis^ion headquarters. Free-
town, completed; cost, $7,800. China. —
Mrs. E. I. Doty returned to America in
the spring; Rev. E. I. Dotv and Dr. R.
M. Bigler in the fall. Rev. and Mrs.
C. E. Spore, returning to China, sailed
.\ugust 15. ^lission conference organ-
ized January 4 by Bishop Mills. First
class graduated from the Girls' Boarding
School. Junior and Senior Christian
Endeavor societies organized in the
Girls' Boarding School. Philippines. —
Mrs. M. W. Mumma returned to Amer-
:-s in tii'j tall. Visit of Bishop Mills.
Mission Conference organized. Juan
Abellcra ordained. Lot purchased for
136 The Woman's Missionary Association
,' church in San Fernando. Printing-press
sent to the field. Ilocano hymnal pub-
lished. Churches organized at Na-
guilian and Alilem. Work begim in
Luna.
1909 — May 11-13. Woman's Dav offering for Seininary in
Akron, Ohio. $47,626 66 Cliina. Mrs. B. F. Witt resigned a.i
General Secretary; Mrs. Alva Kauffman
elected. Mrs. L. O. Miller resigned as
recording secretary ; r>Irs. H. Z. Mc-
Fadden elected. Cooperation with the
Foreign Missionary Society and the
Home Missionary Society agreed upon.
Africa. — Mr. and Mrs. K. M. Hursh, re-
turning to Africa, sailed January 0.
Rev. and Mrs. J. R. King and Miss
Mary Stauffer returned to America in
the spring on furlough. Returning to
Africa, Rev. and Mrs. J. R. King sailed
September 1."), accompanied by Rev. and
Mrs. J. Hal Smith • Miss Mary Stauffer
and Rev. F. A. Risley, December 18.
Missionary residence at Shenge complet-
ed— cost .$2,500. Rev. R. P. Dougherty
and Miss Alice Dougherty returned on
furlough in the fall. China. — Dr. R. M.
Bigier, returning to China, sailed August
17. Y. W. C. A. organized in Girls'
Boarding School. Ground purchased for
the Foundling Home and residence of the
missionaries in charge. The Girls'
Boarding School changed to the Eliza-
beth Kumler Miller Seminary. Philip-
pines.— Returned to America, Rev. and
Mrs. H. W. Widdoes in March and
Rev. M. W. Mumma in June. Church
Erection Society organized. Completion
of translation of Old Testament.
15)10 — May 11-1.1 Woman's Day offering for deaconess work
First Church, in America and Rest Homes for Porto
Dayton, Ohio. $45,839 58 Rico and the Philippines. Miss Ada M.
Slusser elected secretary of Young Wo-
men's Department. Deaconess work
designated as the special home object to
receive the support of the Young Wo-
men's bands in addition to Seminary in
China. Africa. — Rev. E. Kingman re-
turned to the field February 8th. Mr.
and Mrs. Wimmer and Miss Etta Odle
sailed June 22. Mrs. Delia Todd reached
home on furlough in the spring. Work
opened in the Kono country with head-
auarters at Jaiama. Printing press in-
stalled in Academy. "The Sierra Leone
Outlook" issued monthly. China. — Dr.
and ^Irs. Oldt moved to Siu Lam and
opened medical work. Chapel at Lak
Lau completed — cost $900. Rev. and
Mrs. E. B. Ward returned home on fur-
lough July 16. Miss Mabel Drury sailed
September 27. Japan. — Church building
Chronological Tables 137
at Kyoto completed — cost $4,546.18.
Porto Rico. — Rev. and Mrs, N. H. Huff-
man, returning to the field, sailed April
V2. Rev. and Mrs. I. E. Caldwell came
to America on furlough in the spring and
returned to the Island August 27. Phil-
ippines.— Corner-stone of San Fernando
Church laid May ol. Returning to the
field, Rev. and Mrs. M. W. Mumma
sailed January I'D. Rev. and Mrs. H. W.
Widdoes, June 2U. Miss Matilda Weber
also sailed June 20. Two dormitories for
high-school students, one for girls and
one for boys, opened in June. Home
Missions. — Three deaconesses were ap-
pointed in June — Miss Lummie Gibson
to Kansas City Mo., Miss Bess E. Ross
to Omaha, Neb. ; and Miss Mellie Per-
kins to Optima, Okla.
.38
'he Woman's Missionary Association
Missionary Directory
Sierra Leone, West Africa.
Service
Name ' Began
D. K. Flickinger 1855..
D. C. Kumler 1855..
W. J. Shuey 1855..
W. B. Witt 1856..
J. K. Billheimer 1856..
C. O. Wilson I860..
Mrs. J. K. Billheimer 1862..
O. Hadley .1866..
Mrs. O. Hadley 1866. .
Joseph Gomer 1870. .
Mrs. Joseph Gomer 1870 . .
J. A. Evans 1871..
Peter Warner 1872 . .
Mrs. Peter Warner 1872..
Joseph Wolf 1875..
Lizzie Bowman (Mrs. Joseph
Wolf) 1876..
Emily Beeken 1876..
D. F. Wilberforcc 1878..
Mrs. D. F. Wilberforcc 1878..
Mrs. Mary M. Mair 1879..
Mrs. J. A. Evans 1880..
R. N. West 1882..
Mrs. R. N. West
1882.
J. M. Lesher 1883..
Mrs. J. M. Lesher 1883..
W. S. Sage 1883..
JMrs. W. S. Sage 1883.
Ellen Groenendyke 1889 .
Frances Williams 1889.
Jacob Miller 1890.
Place of Education.
Germantown Seminary.
Ohio Conference Academy.
Hartsville College, Cincinnati
Medical College.
Mt. Pleasant Academ}-.
Otterbein University.
Roanoke Academy.
Hartsville College.
Michigan Collegiate Institute.
Otterbein University.
Oberlin College.
Lebanon Normal, Ann Arbor
Medical College, Bon^brak« -
I'-he o 1 o gi c ai -S em m'Sfy.
Smithville Academy, Bo^ne-brake
Theological Seminary.
Lebanon Valley College.
Lebanon Valley College.
BonebraJce— Tfeeeiogical Semin-
inary.
Smithville Academy, BondltaJ**
Theological Seminary.
Hartsville College.
Otterbein University, Moody
Bible Institute,
n e b r ak e _Xli&ol-G\gij:s^ Semi-
nary.
»>/w»^
! (i.m-^
Missionary Director
139
Service
Name Began Place of Education.
Mrs. Jacob Miller 1890. . . .Bilebrake-The^^gical Semi-
nary.
Elma Bittle 1891 .... Otterbein Universit3^
Marietta Hatfield 1891 Cincinnati Woman's Medical
College.
Ella Schenck 1891 .... Classical Academy, Eastern In-
diana Normal School.
Alice Karris 1891 . . . .Amity College, Wheaton |L
College. - \AjT)
L. O. Burtner 1892 Shenandoah Institute, Ben^^
brake Thee-logieal Seminary.
^Appointed to P. I.. 1901.)
Mrs. L. O. Burtner 1892. .. .Lebanon Valley College.
I. N. Cain 1892....Leander Clark College.
Mrs. I. N. Cain 1892. . . .Leander Clark College.
Lydia Thomas 1892
Q^--P. O. Bonebrake 1892. . . .Leander Clark College, Bone- t\
» brake Theological Seminary.
A. T. Howard 1894. . . . Otterbein University, Bon^-hraktr
TheQlggiciil Seminary.
(Appointed to Japan,' 1898.)
Airs. A. T. Howard 1894 Otterbein University.
J. R. King 1894 Otterbein University.
Mrs. J. R. King 1894 Otterbein University.
Florence M. Croniso 1894. . . .Private tutors, and studied three
years in Europe.
Minnie E. Eaton 1894. .. .Otterbein University.
Mary C. Archer 1895 .... Callanan College, Leander Clark
College, King Electric Aledi-
cal College.
F. Minshall 1896 .... Otterbein University.
Mrs. F. Minshall.. 1896 Otterbein University.
L. A. McGrew 1896. . . .Bonebrake Theological Semi-
nary.
Mrs. L. A. McGrew 1896. . . .JBonebrake Theolcigical Semi-
nary.
A. A. Ward 1897. . . .Leander Clark College.
1. E. Albert 1899. .. .Lebanon Valley College.
Mrs. I. E. Albert 1899. .. .Lebanon Valley College.
E. E. Todd 1899.... Leander Clark College.
Mrs. E. E. Todd 1899. . . .Northfield Seminary, Moody
Bible Institute.
E. A. King 1899.. ..Lane University.
Mrs. E. A. Kirig 1899. . . .Lane University.
S. J. Barakat 1900. . . .Syrian Protestant College, Balti-
more College of Physicians
and Surgeons.
140
The Woman's Missionary Association
Service
Name Began
Mrs. S. J. Barak.'il 1900. .
Zenora Griggs 1900 . .
W. S. Richards 1901 . .
Mrs. W. S. Richards 1901 . .
Mary E. Murrel 1902. .
Rilla Akin (Mrs. H. D. South-
ard 1902..
C. W. Snyder 1903..
Mrs. C W. Snyder 1903 . .
C Judy 1903..
Mrs. C. Judy 1903..
W. E. Riebel 1903..
Mrs. W. E. Riebel 1903..
R. P. Daugherty 1904..
^\. Eliza Akin 1904..
E. M. Hursh 1905..
H. T. Miller 1905..
Mrs. H. T. Miller 1905..
M. D. Southard 1906..
Mary E. StauflFer 1906 . .
E. Kingman 1907 . .
Alice Dougherty 1907. .
Mary E. Lambert (Mrs. E. M.
Hursh) 1907..
J. F. Musselman 1908 . .
Ella Shanklin 1908..
J. Hal Smith 1909..
Mrs. J. Hal Smith 1909..
F. A. Risley 1909..
\V. N. Wimmer 1910..
Mrs. Eva T. Wimmer 1910..
Etta Odle 1910..
Place of Education,
.Los Angeles Medical College.
■ Lane University.
.Emporia State Normal School.
.Otterbein University.
. Leander Clark College.
.Otterbein University.
.Otterbein UniversitA-.
.Otterbein University.
.Otterbein University.
.Otterbein University.
.Otterbein University.
.Lebanon Valley College, Bone-'
brake Theological Seminary. \
.Leander Clark College. \
.Otterbein University. i/J),
.Leander Clark College. y^
.Leander Clark College. '
. Mt. Hermon School, Bonebrake
Theological Seminary.
Cedar Rapids Normal School.
Good Samaritan Hospital, Be»e-
brake Theological Seminary.
Otterbein University.
Union Missionary Institute.
Otterbein University, Moody
Bible Institute.
.Bible School, Christian Workers'
Training School.
Houghton Seminary.
Otterbein University, Bonebrake
Theological Seminar}'.
Lane University. Campbell^ . .^
College. /"-A-». 6^ iA./vwJ«/vw->*^ ,
Campbell College.
3onebrake Theological Semi-
nary.
China.
.\ustia Patterson (Mrs. H. K.
Shumaker) 1889. . . . Leander Clark College.
Lillian Shaffner 1889 Lebanon Vallev College.
Chronological 'I'ables 141
Service
Name Began Place of Education.
S. Lovina Halverson 1891 .... Leander Clark College, Iowa
State Medical College.
Regina M. Bigler 1892 Iowa State Medical College.
E. E. Fix 1893.. ..Leander Clark College, Bone-
brake Theological Seminary.
Mrs. E. E. Fix 1893 .... Leander Clark College, Bone-
brake Theological Seminary.
H. K. Shumakcr 1897 .... Heidelberg College, Starling
Medical College.
E. B. Ward 1897 .... Leander Clark College.
Mrs. E. B. Ward 1897 .... Leander Clark College.
Ruth Thompson 1898. .. .Woman's Medical College of
Pennsjdvania.
O. S. Townsend 1902. . . .Stanberv Normal College, Rush
Medical College. VA»'
C. E. Spore 1902. .. .General Baptist College, B^anc:^^ /
brake Theological Seminar3\
Mrs. C. E. Spore 1902. . . . York_ College, Bonebrake Theo-
logical Seminary.
E. T. Doty 1903 .... Leander Clark College.
Mrs. E. I. Doty 1903 .... Leander Clark College.
B. F. Bean 1905. . . . Leander^ Clark College, Otter-
bein L'niversity.
Mrs. B. F. Bean 1905. . . . Westfield College, University of
Michigan Training School for
Nurses.
Frank Oldt 1905 Otterbein University, Ohio
Medical University.
Belle Myers 1905 .... Toledo Normal School.
Ora B. Maxwell (Mrs. Frank
Oldt) 1906 .... Otterbein University.
Japan. ^ * ,*'
\. T. Howard 1898 Otterbein University, Roaeb*«4r^
Theological Seminary.
Mrs. A. T. Howard 1899. . . .Otterbein Universitv.
J. E. Knipp 1900. .. .Johns Hopkins University.
Bonebrake Theologicai Semi-
nary.
Mrs. J. E'. Knipp 1900 Baltimore Kindergarten Train- *'->
ing School.
Joseph Cosand 1901 Normal School.
Mrs. Joseph Cosand 1901 .... Earlham College.
Monroe Crecelius 1906 General Baptist College. Bone-
brake Theological Seminarv.
142
The Woman's Missionary Association
Term of
Name. Service. Place of Education.
B. F. Shively 1907 Otterbein University, &onehrak-e
Theological Seminary. \
Mrs. B. F. Shively 1907 Otterbein University. \1 P^'
U\,
Porto
N. H. Hiififman 1899.
Rico.
. . Lane University, Bonebrake..,^ \A ' "
Mrs. N. H. Huffman 1899.
E. L. Ortt
Mrs. E. L. Ortt
N. E. Clymcr.
1900.
1900.
i9oa.
Thieeiogical Seminary.
Lane University, Bonebrake
Tli^ological Seminary.
Mrs. N. E. Clymer 1900.
P. W. Drury 1901.
Mrs. P. W. Drury 1901.
Elizabeth Reed 1907.
L E. Caldwell 1907.
Mrs. I. E. Caldwell 1907.
C. L Mohler 1908.
Mr.<^. C. L Mohler 1908.
Northwestern University, Balti-
more College of Physicians
and Surgeons.
Northwestern University.
Leander Clark College, Bxmex
brake Theological Seminary.
Leander Clark College.
Shippensburg State Normal
School.
York College, Bonebrake Theo-
logical Seminary.
York College, Bonebrake Theo-
logical Seminary.
York College, Bonebrake Theo-
logical Seminary.
York College, Bonebrake Theo-
logical Seminary.
E. S. Eby...
S. B. Kurtz..
L. O. Burtner
Philippine
....1901..
1901
1901
Mrs. L. O. Burtner 1901..
H. W. Widdoes 1903..
Mr.s. H. W. Widdoes 1903 . .
M. W. Mumma 1904..
Mrs. M. W. Mumma 1904..
Z. J. Pace 1905..
Mr». E. J. Pace 1905..
Islands.
.Normal School, Bonebrake
Theological Seminary.
.Avalon College, Bonebrake
Theological Seminary.
.Shenandoah Institute, Bone-
brake Theological Seminary.
.Lebanon Valley College.
.Central College, Lane Univer-
sity.
.Ohio State University.
.Oberlin College.
.Otterbein Uiversity.
.Moody Bible Institute, Otter-
bein University.
U
^
Chronological Tables
143
Term of
Name. Service. Place of EducatioM.
B. M. Piatt 1906 Wheaton College, Chicago Col-
lege of Physicians and
Surgeons.
Mrs. B. M. Piatt 1906. . . .Mt. Holyoke College.
A. B. DeRoos 1906....
Mrs. A. B. DeRoos 1906. . . .
Mrs. S. B. Kurtz 1906 .... Normal School.
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